(The Cattle Chapter)

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

1. Praise is due to Allah, Who created the heavens and the earth. And He created darkness [i.e., night] and light [i.e., day]. [In spite of this], there are some who take partners with their Lord.

2. It is He Who created you from clay, then He has decreed a term for your death, and then a term for your resurrection, which is known only by Him. Yet, you have doubts [about Allah and the Hereafter].

3. He is Allah, in the heavens and the earth, [i.e., all creatures submit to Him]. He knows what you conceal and what you reveal, and He knows what you earn [whether good or evil].

4. And never did a Sign from their Lord come to them but they turned away from it.

5. They rejected the truth [i.e., revelation] when it came to them [through the Messenger]. A time will come when they will pay for what they are mocking at.

6. Have they [i.e., disbelievers] not seen how many a generation that We destroyed before them, whom We gave more power than what We gave to you? And We sent down rain abundantly on them, and We made rivers flow under them. Nevertheless, We destroyed them for their sins, and then We created a new generation after them.

7. And even if We had sent down on you, [O Muhammad], a Book of [real] paper and they [i.e., disbelievers] had touched it with their own hands, the disbelievers would have said, “This is nothing but clear magic.”

8. And they [i.e., disbelievers] say, “Why has an angel not been sent down with him [i.e., the Messenger]?” Had We sent an angel [as they suggest], the matter would have been settled, and no respite would have been given to them [i.e., they would be punished with no delay].

9. And if We had sent down an angel, We would have made him a man [to make him acceptable to them], and then We would have confused them as they are confused now.

10. [Many] Messengers before you, [O Muhammad], were mocked at, but those of them who mocked will pay for their mockery.

11. Say, [O Muhammad], “Travel in the land, and then see what the beliars’ end was.”

12. Say, [O Muhammad], “To whom does all that in the heavens and the earth belong?” Say, “To Allah. He has promised to be Merciful. He will gather you [all] on the Day of Resurrection, the undoubted Day. Those who have lost themselves will not believe.”

13. And to Him belong all creatures in night and day. And He is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.

14. Say, [O Muhammad], “Shall I take as a Protector another than Allah, the Creator of the heavens and the earth, while He feeds and is not fed?” Say, “I have been ordered to be the first to submit [to Allah].” And do not be from polytheists.

15. Say, “I fear, if I disobey my Lord, the torture on a Great Day [i.e., the Day of Judgment].”

16. Whoever is saved [from that torture] on that Day, Allah has mercy on him. And that is really the great success.

17. And if Allah touches you with any harm, no one can remove it but Him. And if He touches you with anything good, He is Able to do everything.

18. And He is the Conqueror above [all] His creatures [and His servants], and He is the All-Wise, the Well-Acquainted.

19. Say, [O Muhammad], “What is the greatest in witness?” Say, “Allah is a Witness between me any you. This Quran has been revealed to me to warn you and whomever it may reach. Can you really witness that there are other gods with Allah?” Say, “I do not bear such witness.” Say, “There is only one God, and I am innocent of whatever partners you take [with Him].”

20. Those to whom We gave the Scripture [i.e., Jews and Christians] know him [i.e., Muhammad as a Messenger mentioned in the Scripture in name and qualities] as they know their own sons. Those have lost themselves, for they deny [him].

21. And who is more unjust than one who fabricates lies against Allah or rejects His Signs. Such wrong-doers cannot succeed.

22. And when We gather them together, We shall say to those who have taken partners with Allah, “Where are those partners of yours whom you falsely claimed?”

23. Their argument was nothing but to say, “By Allah, our Lord, we were not polytheists.”

24. See how they lie against themselves and how their lies will disappear soon.

25. Some of them [i.e., disbelievers] listen to you [reciting The Quran], but We have placed veils on their hearts, so they do not understand it, and there is deafness in their ears. And if they see any Sign [or miracle], they do not believe in it. And when they come to you, [O Muhammad], disbelievers say, “All that is nothing but old tales.”

26. They [i.e., disbelievers] prevent others from believing in him [Muhammad], and they themselves keep away from him. They destroy none except themselves, but they do not know.

27. And if only you could see them [i.e., disbelievers] held by the Fire saying, “We wish that we were returned [to the first life] so that we would not belie Allah’s Verses and be among believers.”

28. At last, they [i.e., hypocrites or disbelievers] revealed what they used to conceal. Even if they had been returned [to this world], they would have returned to what they were forbidden to do. They are liars, indeed.

29. They used to say, “There is no life but this worldly life; we are not going to be resurrected.”

30. If only you could see when they [i.e., disbelievers] are held before their Lord! He will say [to them], “Is this [i.e., Resurrection] not true?” They will reply, “Yes, by our Lord.” He will say, “So taste the torture for what you used to deny.”

31. Those who denied meeting with Allah [on the Day of Judgment] have lost [themselves]. When the Hour [i.e., death signs or Resurrection] comes to them suddenly, they say, “Alas for us that we were careless about the Hereafter!”, bearing their burdens [i.e., sins] on their backs. How evil their burdens will be!

32. This worldly life is nothing but play and fun, and the Hereafter is far better for those who fear [Allah]. Do you not understand?

33. We know that what disbelievers say about you, [O Muhammad], does grieve you. They do not belie you, but those wrong-doers belie the Verses of Allah.

34. [Many] Messengers before you were belied, but they were patient with that. And they had been hurt until Our Support came to them. And none can change the Words of Allah [i.e., victory of Muslims]. And you have already known enough about the previous Messengers [and how Allah made them victorious at the end].

35. If their denial [of the Message] has been hard on you, and if you can seek a tunnel in the earth [to bring them a Sign] or can seek a ladder up to the sky [to bring them a Sign], [they will not believe]. Had Allah willed, He would have gathered them all on [true] guidance. So do not be among those who do not know.

36. Only those who listen [to the Message of Prophet Muhammad] are the ones who believe. And Allah will raise the dead, and to Him they will be returned [for recompense].

37. And they [disbelievers] say, “Why has a sign not been sent down to him [i.e., Muhammad] from his Lord?” Say, “Verily, Allah is Able to send down a Sign, but most of them do not know.”

38. No living creature on earth nor a bird that flies with its two wings is but a community like you. We have neglected none of these creatures. And all will be gathered to their Lord [on the Day of Resurrection].

39. And those who deny Our Signs are deaf and dumb and live in darkness. Allah makes astray whomever He wills, and He guides to the Straight Path whomever He wills.

40. Say, [O Muhammad], “If Allah’s torture or the Hour comes to you [suddenly], would you then invoke anyone other than Allah? [Reply] if you are truthful.”

41. Him alone you would invoke. And He will save you from what you invoke Him for if He wills, and then you will forget the partners [of Allah].

42. And We sent [Messengers] to many nations before you, [O Muhammad], and We tested them with severe poverty and ailments so that they might submit [themselves to Us].

43. When Our torment came to them, why did they not invoke Us? Instead, their hearts hardened, and Satan made fair-seeming to them what they used to do.

44. When they [i.e., disbelievers] forgot what they had been reminded of [i.e., obedience to Allah], We gave them provisions generously from all sides. When they were in rejoice at what they had been given, We punished them all of a sudden, so that they became desperate.

45. Thus, the roots of wrong-doers were cut off. And praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the worlds.

46. Say [to disbelievers], “What if Allah took away your hearing and your sight and sealed up your hearts, who else other than Allah would bring them back to you?” See how We explain Our Signs [very clearly]; yet, they turn away [in denial].

47. Say, [O Muhammad, to disbelievers], “What if Allah’s punishment comes to you suddenly or openly, will any but wrong-doers be destroyed?”

48. We do not send Messengers but to give the glad news [of Allah’s reward] and to warn [against His punishment]. Whoever believes and does good deeds, there is no fear on him, nor will he grieve.

49. As for those who deny Our Signs, the torture will touch them for their disobedience.

50. Say, [O Muhammad], “I do not say to you that I have Allah’s treasures, nor do I know the Unseen. And I do not say to you that I am an angel; I only follow what is revealed to me [from Allah].” Say, “Are the blind one and the seeing one equal? Why do you not think deep?”

51. And warn with it [i.e., The Quran] those who fear to be gathered before their Lord, having no protector or intercessor besides Him, so that they may fear Allah.

52. And do not turn away those who invoke their Lord in the morning and the afternoon, seeking to please Allah. They are not accountable before you, and nor are you accountable before them. If you turn them away, you will be among wrong-doers.

53. And We have tested some by some so that they [i.e., disbelievers] would say [in mockery], “Are these [Muslims] the ones whom Allah has favored from among us?” Does Allah not know best those who thank Him?

54. When those who believe in Our Signs come to you, say [to them], “Peace be upon you. Your Lord has ordained Mercy for Himself: whoever of you sins ignorantly and then repents and does good deeds, Allah is, truly, Oft-Forgiving, Most-Merciful.”

55. And thus We make clear the Signs [or Verses] so that the criminals’ way is made distinct [from the Right Path].

56. Say, [O Muhammad], “I am prohibited to worship what you worship instead of Allah.” Say, “I do not follow your vain desires. If I did so, then I would be astray and would not be one of those who are guided.”

57. Say, [O Muhammad], “I know Allah’s Word very well, but you deny it. I do not have what you [mockingly] ask for [i.e., immediate torture]. It is only Allah Who judges and decides. He tells the truth, and He is the best to judge.”

58. Say, “If I had had what you ask for [i.e., immediate torture], the matter would have been settled immediately between me and you. And Allah knows wrong-dowers best.”

59. And with Allah are the keys of the Unseen, known by none but Him. And He knows all that is in land and sea. And no leaf drops down without His knowledge. All seeds in the darkness of the earth and all that is fresh or dry are written in a Clear Record.

60. It is He Who takes your souls in the night [during your sleep], and He knows what you earn in the day, and then He raises you up in the day, until your lives end. Then you are returned to Him, and He will inform you of what you used to do.

61. And He is the Supreme over [all] people, and He sends to you [i.e., humans] angels [to record what you do]. When death draws near to one of you, Our angels take his soul, and they do their duties well.   

62. Then they [after death] are returned to Allah, their True Protector. He is the Only One to judge, and He is the Swiftest in taking account.  

63. Say, [O Muhammad], “Who saves you from the darkness of land and sea [i.e., dangers]? You invoke Him in public and in secret saying, ‘If He saves us from this [danger], we will be truly thankful [to Him].’ ”    

64. Say, [O Muhammad], “Allah is the One Who saves you from this [distress] and from all [other] distresses, and yet you take partners with Him.”   

65. Say, [O Muhammad] to them, “It is He Who is Able to send torment from above you [like strong storms] or from under you [like earthquakes] or make you sects fighting one another.” See how We make the Signs clear so that they may understand.   

66. Your people, [O Muhammad], have belied it [i.e., The Quran] although it is the truth. Say [to them], “I am not a guardian over you.”   

67. For every news there is a limit of time, and they will come to know [the truth then]. 

68. When you, [O Muhammad], see those who mock at Our Verses, do not sit with them until they discuss something else. If you forget and sit with them, once you remember do not sit with those wrong-doers.   

69. And those who fear Allah [i.e., believers] are not accountable for what disbelievers do, but their duty is to remind them so that they may obey Him.   

70. And let alone those who take their religion as play and fun and who have been deceived by this worldly life. And remind them with it [i.e., The Quran] lest one should be blamed for what he has earned, with no protector or intercessor besides Allah. And even if he offers any ransom [possible], it will not be accepted from him. Those are the ones who will be accountable for what they have earned. Their drink will be boiling water, and they will have a painful punishment for what they used to belie.    

71. Say, [O Muhammad], “Shall we invoke, besides Allah, what cannot benefit or hurt us [like idols] and return on our heels [as disbelievers] after Allah has guided us? If we did this, we would be like one tempted by devils while astray, with friends calling him to guidance, saying, ‘Come to us.’ ” Say, “Allah’s Guidance is the true guidance, and we are commanded to submit to the Lord of the worlds.”    

72. You [i.e., people] are also ordered to perform prayer and fear Him, and to Him you will be gathered [on the Day of Resurrection].  

73. It is He Who created the heavens and the earth in truth. And when He says, “Be,” it is, and His Word is the truth. His is the dominion when the trumpet is blown [on the Day of Resurrection]. He is the All-Knower of the Unseen and the Seen, and He is the All-Wise, the Well-Acquainted.   

74. And [remember] when Abraham said to his father, Azar, “Do you take idols as gods? I do see you and your people in plain error.”   

75. And thus We show Abraham the kingdom of the heavens and the earth to make him certain of his faith.      

76. When the night became quite dark, he [i.e., Abraham] saw a star and said, “This is my Lord.” When the star disappeared, he said, “I do not like those that set.”      

77. When he saw the moon rising up, he said, “This is my Lord.” When it set, he said, “If Allah does not guide me, I will surely be among those straying.”   

78. When he saw the sun rising up, he said, “This is my Lord, for it is larger.” When it set, he said, “O my people! I am certainly innocent of the partners that you take with Allah.”   

79. “Truly, I have turned my face towards Him Who created the heavens and the earth, and I am not a polytheist.”      

80. When his people disputed with him, he said, “Do you dispute with me with regard to Allah, Who has guided me. And I do not fear those that you associate with Him unless my Lord wills something. My Lord’s Knowledge includes everything. Do you not remember this?”       

81. “And how should I fear your associates [with Allah], whereas you do not fear that you have taken as partners with Allah what He sent you no authority for?So which of the two parties [i.e., believers or disbelievers] has more right to be safe and secure, if you really know?”

82. Those who believe and do not take partners with Allah are the ones who have security and are really guided.      

83. And that was Our argument which We gave to Abraham against his people. We raise up in rank whomever We will. Verily, your Lord is All-Wise, All-Knowing.      

84. And We bestowed on him [i.e., Abraham] Isaac and Jacob, each of whom We guided, and Noah We guided before and [also guided], among his progeny, David, Solomon, Job, Joseph, Moses, and Aaron. And such is Our reward to good-doers.   

85. And Zachariah, John, Jesus, and Elia were all of the righteous.  

86. And so was each of Ishmael, Elisha, Jonah, and Lot. And each was preferred to all people.      

87. And some of their fathers, progeny, and brothers We chose and guided to the Right Path.     

88. That is Allah’s Guidance, with which He guides whoever of people wills [to be guided]. But if they had taken partners with Allah, their deeds would have been in vain.      

89. To those We gave the Book, wisdom, and prophethood. But if these [i.e., disbelievers at Prophet Muhammad’s time or any other time] disbelieve in it [i.e., the Book], We entrusted it to those who do not disbelieve.    

90. Those are the ones whom Allah guided. So follow their guidance. Say, “I do not ask a reward [or a wage] for it [i.e., The Quran]. It is only a reminder to all.”   

91. And they [i.e., disbelievers] did not give Allah His due honor when they said, “Allah sent nothing down to anyone [i.e., denying revelation].” Say, [O Muhammad], “Who then sent down the Book brought by Moses as light and guidance to people, which you have made into [separate] paper sheets, some of which you reveal and a lot of which you conceal? And you have been taught [in The Quran] that which neither you nor your fathers knew before.” Say, [O Muhammad], “Allah [is the One Who sent it down].” Then leave them playing in their vain talk.       

92. And this is a blessed Book which We sent down [i.e., The Quran], confirming what came before [i.e., The Torah and The Gospel] so that you, [O Muhammad], should warn the Mother of Towns [i.e., Makkah] and people around it. And those who believe in the Last Day do believe in it [i.e., The Quran] and keep up their prayers.      

93. And who is more unjust than one who fabricates lies against Allah [like associating partners or a son with Him], or one claiming false revelation [from Allah] to oneself when in fact nothing is revealed to him, or one saying, “I will reveal the like of what Allah has revealed.”? If only you could see wrong-doers [and such liars] struggling against death, with angels beating them saying, “Drive your souls out [of your bodies]. Today you will be recompensed with a humiliating torment for the lies that you used to invent against Allah and for your rejection of His Signs.”   

94. And you [i.e., disbelievers and hypocrites] have come to Us alone as We created you the first time [i.e., without wealth or friends or relatives], and you left what We granted to you behind your backs [after your death], and We do not see with you your intercessors that you claimed to be Allah’s associates. All relations between you and them have been disconnected, and all your false claims have utterly vanished.  

95. Verily, Allah is the One Who splits seeds and fruit-stones. He brings what is alive from what is dead and what is dead from what is alive. Such is Allah, so how are you diverted away from the truth? 

96. Allah is the One Who cleaves the daybreak. And He has made the night a time for resting, and the sun and the moon tools for reckoning. That is the plan of the All-Exalted, the All-Knowing.  

97. It is He Who has set stars for you so that you may be guided amid the darkness of land and sea. We have explained Our Signs to people who know.   

98. It is He Who created you from one person [i.e., Adam], then you settle [on the earth in this worldly life], and [then] in the grave [during the death period]. We have made clear Our Signs to people who understand.  

99. It is He Who sends down from the sky water, with which We cause all plants to grow, from which We bring forth green stalks, from which We let clustered grain come out. And from date-palm spathe come forth date clusters, low and near. And We let grow gardens of grapes, olives, and pomegranates, similar in shape but different in taste. Look at its fruits when it fruits, and look at it when its fruits ripen. In [all] that there are Signs for those who believe.   

100. And they [i.e., polytheists] take the jinn as partners with Allah, whereas He has created the jinn. And they falsely attribute to Him sons and daughters without knowledge. And Allah is Exalted above what they attribute.  

101. He is the Originator of the heavens and the earth. How can He have a son when He has no wife? He has created everything. And He is All-Knowing of everything.  

102. That is Allah, your Lord. There is no god but Him. He is the Creator of everything, so worship Him. And He is the Guardian over everything.  

103. No one can see Him, but He sees all. And He is the Most Courteous, the Well-Aware.  

104. Proofs have come to you from your Lord. Whoever sees [the truth and believes], he does so for himself. And whoever blinds himself, he does so against himself. And I [i.e., Muhammad] am not a guardian over you.  

105. And thus We explain Our Signs. And let them [disbelievers] say, “You, [O Muhammad], have studied [the Scriptures before you and brought The Quran from them].” But We have made things clear to those who know.     

106. Follow what has been revealed   to you, [O  Muhammad], from your Lord. There is no god but Him, and turn away from polytheists.

107. And had Allah willed, they would not have taken partners with Allah. And We have not made you a watcher over them, and nor are you a guardian over them.     

108. And, [O believers], do not insult the partners whom they [polytheists] invoke besides Allah, lest they should insult Allah sinfully and unknowingly. Thus We have made fair-seeming to every nation their deeds. Then to their Lord is their return, when He informs them of what they used to do.  

109. And they swear by Allah very  emphatically  that  if  a miracle came to them [through Muhammad], they would believe in it [and accept Islam]. Say, [O Muhammad], “Miracles are with Allah, [not with me]. And what if a miracle comes and they do not believe?”      

110. And We turn away their hearts and eyes [from guidance], as they rejected faith at the first time. And We leave them blindly wandering in their transgression.      

111. And even if We had sent down angels to them [i.e., disbelievers and polytheists] [to confirm Allah’s Message], and the dead had spoken to them [to confirm it], and We had gathered all [previous] nations [to confirm it], they would not have believed unless Allah willed, but most of them do not know.

112. Thus We have made for every prophet enemies, devils from humans and jinn, inspiring to one another adorned speech for deception. Had Allah willed, they would not have done so, so leave them alone with their lies.    

113. [And We have done so] in order that the hearts of those who do not believe in the Hereafter may listen [to those devils], that they may accept their deception, and that they may commit whatever sins they like to commit.    

114. Say, [O Muhammad], “Shall I seek a judge other than Allah when He is the One Who sent down the Book clear and detailed [i.e., The Quran]?” And those to whom We gave the Scripture [i.e., Jews and Christians] know that it [i.e., The Quran] is revealed from your Lord in truth. So do not be one of those who doubt.    

115. And the Word of your Lord has been perfected truly and justly. And none can change His Words, and He is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.    

116. And if you obey most of the people of the earth, they mislead you away from Allah’s Path. They follow nothing but mere guessing, and they do nothing but tell lies. 

117. Verily, your Lord knows best those who stray from His Path, and He knows best those who are guided.   

118. So eat of that on which Allah’s name has been mentioned, if in His Verses you truly believe.    

119. And why do you not eat of what Allah’s name is mentioned on, while He explained in detail what He has prohibited to you, except in the case of necessity? And surely, many mislead others through their vain desires and through their lack of knowledge [by allowing what is disallowed]. Verily, your Lord does know transgressors.    

120. And abandon sin, whether open or secret. Verily, those who commit sins will be recompensed for what they used to commit.    

121. And, [O Muslims], do not eat of what Allah’s name is not mentioned on [upon slaughtering], for it is disobedience [to Allah]. And surely, devils inspire their friends [of humans] to argue with you [for eating dead animals]. And if you obey them, you will be polytheists [like them].    

122. Is one who was dead [i.e., in disbelief] and then whom We gave life [by faith] and for whom We assigned a light [i.e., Islam] with which he can deal with people, like one in darkness [i.e., disbelief], not going out of it? Thus it is made fair-seeming to disbelievers that which they used to do.    

123. And thus We have rendered in every town the most wicked criminals to plot in there [i.e., deny Messengers]. But they do not plot except against themselves without perceiving it [i.e., being punished by Allah].    

124. And if a Sign [or a Verse] comes to them [from Allah], they [i.e., disbelievers] say, “We do not believe unless we receive [of revelation] the like of what Allah's Messengers receive.” Allah knows best where to place His Message. Those criminals [of disbelievers] will be afflicted with disgrace and a painful punishment from Allah for what hey used to plot [against Messengers].      

125. And whomever Allah wills to guide, He makes his heart ready to receive Islam. And whomever Allah wills to put astray, He makes his heart narrow and doubtful as if he was ascending up to the sky. Thus Allah places sin on those who do not believe.   

126. And this is the Straight Path of your Lord. We have detailed Our Verses for those who care to remember.    

127. For them [i.e., believers] is the abode of peace [i.e., Paradise]. And He is their Protector for what they used to do [of good].    

128. And when He gathers them all [and says to them], “O the jinn! You misled many of mankind,” and their friends of humans will say, “We benefited from one another [i.e., humans and jinn], and we have reached the term which You appointed for us [i.e., death],” Allah will say, “The Fire is your abode forever, except what Allah may will. Surely, your Lord is All-Wise, All-Knowing.”   

129. And thus We make wrong-doers enemies of one another because of what they used to earn [of sins].   

130. O you of jinn and mankind! Did Messengers from you not come to you reciting My Verses to you and warning you of the meeting of this day [i.e., the Day of Judgment]? They will reply, “We witness against ourselves [that Messengers did warn us].” This worldly life had deceived them, and they witnessed that they had been disbelievers.   

131. This is because your Lord does not punish towns [and their inhabitants] unjustly while their people are unaware [of the Divine Message].    

132. For all there will be ranks according to their deeds [in Paradise or in Hell]. And your Lord is not unaware of what they do, [good or evil].   

133. And your Lord is Rich, Most Merciful. If He wills, He can destroy you and replace you with whomever of successors as He wills, as He has raised you from others before you.     

134. What you are promised is surely coming [on the Last Day], and you cannot escape [Allah’s judgment].     

135. Say, [O Muhammad], “O my people! Do according to your way, and I will do according to mine. And you will know who will have the better end [in the Hereafter]. It is certain that wrong-doers cannot succeed.”    

136. And they [i.e., polytheists] assign to Allah a share of what He has created, of crops and cattle, and they say, “This is for Allah,” as they claim, “and this is for our partners [i.e., Allah’s so-called partners].” What is for their partners does not reach Allah, and what is for Allah reaches their partners. Evil is how they judge.   

137. And thus those partners have made fair-seeming to many polytheists killing their own sons and daughters [for fear of poverty] so as to destroy them and confuse their life. Had Allah willed, they would not have done so. So leave them alone with what they fabricate.  

138. And they [i.e., polytheists] say that such cattle and such crops are prohibited except to those whom they allow to eat, according to their claim. And they also say that there are some cattle that cannot be used for burden and some cattle on which Allah’s Name cannot be pronounced, inventing lies against Him. Allah will recompense [i.e., punish] them for the lies they used to tell. 

139. And they [i.e., polytheists] say, “Whatever [milk] in the bellies of such cattle is only for our males and is forbidden to our females. But if it is born dead, then all [i.e., males and females] have shares in it.” Allah will punish them for their false arrangements. Verily, He is All-Wise, All-Knowing.   

140. Those who have killed their children foolishly and ignorantly are losers [in this life and in the Hereafter]. And they have forbidden what Allah has provided for them, inventing lies against Allah. They have gone astray, and they are not guided. 

141. And it is He Who creates gardens, trellised and untrellised, date-palms, crops of different shapes and tastes, olives and pomegranates, similar and different. Eat of its fruits when ripe, and give its due [share] upon its harvest. But do not be extravagant, for Allah does not like those who are extravagant.   

142. And He created of the cattle some for burden [like camels and horses] and some for no burden [like sheep and goats]. Eat of what Allah has provided for you. And do not follow Satan’s footsteps, for he is your open enemy.  

143. [Allah created] eight [of animals allowed to be eaten]: of sheep two [i.e., male and female], and of goats two [i.e., male and female]. Say, “Has He forbidden the two males or the two females or what is enclosed in the two females’ wombs? Inform me with knowledge, if you are truthful.”      

144. And [He created] of camels two [i.e., male and female], and of oxen two [i.e., male and female]. Say, [O Muhammad to polytheists], “Has He forbidden the two males or the two females or what is enclosed in the two females’ wombs? Or were you witnesses when Allah commanded such?” Who is more unjust than one who fabricates lies against Allah to mislead people with no knowledge [on his part]? Verily, Allah does not guide wrong-doers.   

145. Say, [O Muhammad], “I do not find in what has been revealed to me anything prohibited to be eaten except a dead animal, poured-out blood, pork, all of which are impure, and what is slaughtered for others than Allah. But if one under necessity, not intending disobedience or transgression, [eats of what is forbidden], Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful, indeed.” 

146. And unto the Jews, We forbade all animals with undivided hoofs. And of oxen and sheep, We forbade them their fat except what sticks to their backs or entrails or what is mixed with bones. That is their punishment for their disobedience [to Allah], and We are surely Truthful.  

147. If they belie you, [O Muhammad], say, “Your Lord is of Great Mercy, and His punishment cannot be turned back from criminals.”  

148. Polytheists will say, “If Allah had willed, we would not have taken partners with Him, nor would our fathers, nor would we have prohibited anything [allowed by Him].” Such those before them lied until they tasted Our punishment. Say, [O Muhammad], “Do you have certain knowledge that you can show us? You follow nothing but conjecture, and you only tell lies.”  

149. Say, “Allah has the perfect evidence against you. Had He willed, He would have guided you all.”  

150. Say, “Bring your witnesses who can testify that Allah has prohibited this.” Even if they do so, do not testify with them. And do not follow the vain desires of those who belie Our Verses and those who disbelieve in the Hereafter, taking equals with their Lord.   

151. Say, [O Muhammad], “Come, and I will recite what your Lord has prohibited to you: do not take any partner with Him, be dutiful and kind to parents, do not kill your children fearing poverty, for We provide sustenance for you and them, do not commit shameful sins neither openly nor secretly, and do not kill anyone except according to Islamic law. This is what Allah commands you to abide by so that you may understand [what Allah wants you to do].”   

152. “And do not approach the orphan’s property, except to improve it, until he reaches the age of adulthood. And give full measure and full weight justly [when you sell]. We do not burden anyone except with what he can bear. And if you say [as a witness or judge], be fair even if a close relative is concerned. And fulfill Allah’s Covenant [i.e., obeying Him]. Such He commands you so that you may remember.”  

153. Verily, this is My Straight Way. Follow it and do not follow other ways, lest you should be misled away from His Way. This is what He commands you so that you may be righteous.   

154. Then We gave Moses The Torah to complete Our Grace upon those who do good deeds, and to give details of all [important] teachings, guidance, and a mercy so that they may believe in meeting with their Lord.   

155. And this is a blessed Book which We have revealed [i.e., The Quran], so follow it and fear Allah so that you may get His Mercy.   

156. [And We sent down The Quran] lest you [i.e., pagan Arabs] should say, “The Scripture was sent to two sects before us [i.e., Jews and Christians], and we were unaware of studying them.”   

157. Or lest you should say, “If only the Book had been sent down to us, we would have been more guided than they [i.e., Jews and Christians].” So now you have had a Clear Sign from your Lord [i.e., The Quran], guidance and a mercy. Who then is more unjust than one who belies Allah’s Verses and turns away from them? We will recompense those who turn away from Our Verses with the worst punishment for their turning away.   

158. Do they wait for any to come to them other than angels or your Lord or some of Allah’s Signs? But when some of Allah’s Signs come, faith will be fruitless then if one has not believed before or has done good through such faith. Say, [O Muhammad], “Do wait; we are surely waiting [too].”  

159. Certainly, those who divide their religion into sects, you, [O Muhammad], are in no concern with them in the least. Their case is with Allah, Who then will inform them of what they used to do.  

160. Whoever brings a good deed [on the Day of Judgment], he will have a reward ten times as much. And whoever brings a bad deed, he will be recompensed only with the same, and they will not be wronged.  

161. Say, [O Muhammad], “My Lord has truly guided me to a Straight Path, a perfect religion, the monotheistic religion of Abraham, who was never among polytheists.” 

162. Say, “Verily, my prayer, my sacrifice, my life, and my death are for Allah, the Lord of the worlds.”   

163. “He has no partner. And of this I have been ordered, and I am the first of Muslims.”   

164. Say, “Am I to seek a lord other than Allah, while He is the Lord   of   everything?   Whatever  a person earns [of sins] is against himself, and no one bears another’s burden. Then to your Lord is your return, when He informs you of what you used to differ about.”   

165. And it is He Who has made you successors on the earth [i.e., generation after generation]. And He has raised you in ranks, some above some, so as to test you in what He has given you, [rich or poor]. Verily, your Lord is Swift in punishment, and verily He is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. 

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

1. Alif-Lam-Meem-Sad [These Arabic letters symbolize the Arabic letters of which the Quranic text is composed.]  

2. This is a Book [i.e., The Quran] sent down to you [from your Lord], so do not have any doubt about it so that you can warn by it, [and it is] a reminder to believers.   

3. [O people!] Follow what has been sent down to you [i.e., The Quran] from your Lord, and do not follow any protectors besides Him. You only remember a little.   

4. Many towns We destroyed [for their disobedience]. Our torment came to them by night or during the midday nap. 

5. When Our torment came to them [i.e., disbelievers], they said nothing but this, “We have really been wrong-doers.”    

6. Then We will question those to whom the Book [i.e., The Quran] was sent down [about how they received the Book], and We will ask the Messengers [on the Day of Judgment].      

7. Then We will tell them, with knowledge, [what they did], and We were not unaware [of their deeds].   

8. On that Day [i.e., the Day of Judgment] weighing will be true and just. Those who have heavy scales [of good deeds] are really successful [i.e., in Paradise].   

9. And those whose scale [of good deeds] is light will lose themselves for their rejection of Our Verses.   

10. And We gave you [i.e., people] authority on the earth, and We made it easy for you to have your provisions. But a little you thank.  

11. And We created you [i.e., Adam], then We shaped you, and then We ordered angels to prostrate themselves to Adam, and they did so, except Satan, who refused to be one of the prostraters.    

12. Allah said [to Satan], “What has prevented you from prostrating when I commanded you?” He said, “I am better than he, for You created me from fire and him from clay.”  

13. Allah said [to Satan], “Get down from it [i.e., Paradise]. It is not for you to be arrogant in it, so get out. Verily, you are of those who are humiliated.”  

14. Satan said, “Give me a respite until the Day of Resurrection.” 

15. Allah said, “You are one of those respited.” 

16. Satan said, “As You have sent me astray, I will sit on Your Straight Path [to tempt them to disobey You].”  

17. “And then I will come to them from before them and from behind them, from their right and from their left [i.e., at all times and all places, and on all occasions]. And most of them [i.e., humans] will not be thankful [to Allah].”      

18. Allah said, “Get out of it [i.e., Paradise] in disgrace and expulsion. Whoever of them [i.e., humans] follows you, I will fill Hell with all of you [i.e., Satan and his followers].”   

19. “And O Adam! You and your wife dwell in Paradise, and eat of it as you both wish, but do not approach this tree, lest you both should be among wrong-dowers.”    

20. Then Satan whispered to them both tempting them to uncover what is hidden of their private parts. He said to them [i.e., Adam and his wife], “Your Lord forbade you this tree so that you both may not become two angels, nor be of those who are eternal.”     

21. And he [i.e., Satan] swore by Allah to them both, “I am giving you both my sincere advice.”     

22. So he [i.e., Satan] misled them both with deceit. When they both tasted the tree, their private parts appeared to them both, and they began to cover themselves with the leaves of Paradise. And their Lord called out to them [saying], “Did I not forbid you that tree and tell you that Satan is a plain enemy to you?”      

23. They both said, “Our Lord!We have wronged ourselves, and if You do not forgive us and grant us Your Mercy, we will be among losers.”      

24. Allah said, “Get down [out from Paradise]. Each of you [i.e., Adam, Eve, and Satan] is an enemy to the other. On the earth you will dwell and have enjoyment for a while.”    

25. Allah said, “On it [i.e., the earth] you will live, and on it you will die, and from it you will be resurrected.”     

26. O Adam’s children! We have provided you with clothes to cover your bodies [and especially the private parts] and to adorn yourselves. And righteousness [i.e., good deeds] is the best [of all covers]. That is of Allah’s Signs so that they may remember.      

27. O Adam’s children! Do not let Satan deceive you as he caused your parents [i.e., Adam and Eve] to be out of Paradise, to strip them both of their raiments to show them their private parts. He, with the other devils, sees you from where you do not see them. Verily, We have made devils allies with those who do not believe.      

28. And when they [i.e., polytheists] commit a major sin, they say, “We have found our fathers doing it, and Allah ordered us to do it,” [when Arab pagans turned naked round the Ka’bah]. Say, [O Muhammad], “Allah does not command such major sins. Do you say against Allah what you do not know?”      

29. Say, [O Muhammad], “My Lord has commanded justice [not sins], and to worship only Him at prayer, and to invoke Him sincerely in submission. As He started you [in the first creation], so will you be returned [on the Day of Resurrection].”  

30. He guided some, but others remained astray. They actually took devils as protectors instead of Allah, thinking [falsely] that they are guided.      

31. O Adam’s children! Wear your best clothes at every mosque. And eat and drink with no extravagance, for Allah does not like the extravagant.     

32. Say, [O Muhammad, to polytheists and disbelievers], “Who has forbidden what Allah has allowed and the good provisions for people?” Say, “They are for believers [and others] in the worldly life, but only for believers in the Hereafter.” As such We explain Our Verses to people who know.     

33. Say, “My Lord has forbidden major sins, openly and secretly, minor sins, injustice, to take partners with Allah, and to invent lies against Allah without knowledge.”          

34. And every nation [i.e., generation] has an appointed term. When this term comes, no one can delay or advance it [not even] for one hour.     

35. O Adam’s children! When Messengers from among you come to you conveying My Verses to you, whoever fears Me and does good deeds, there will be no fear on them, nor will they grieve.

36. But those who deny Our Signs and respond to them arrogantly, they will be the dwellers of the Fire, where they will abide forever.

37. Who is more unjust than one who fabricates lies against Allah or rejects His Signs? Those will get their share of punishment as written in the Record. When Our Messengers [i.e., the angel of death and his assistants] come to them to take their souls, they will say, “Where are the partners that you used to claim instead of Allah?” They will say, “They have deserted us.” And they will witness against themselves that they were disbelievers.

38. Allah will say [to polytheists and disbelievers], “Enter with nations before you, of jinn and mankind, in the Fire.” Whenever a nation [i.e., a group of disbelievers] enter [Hell], they curse the one before. When all of them gather there, the last one will say to the first, “Our Lord! These are the ones who led us astray, so double their torture.” He will say, “For each there will be double torture, but you do not know.”

39. The first of them will say to the last, “You are no better than we, so taste punishment for what you used to earn.”   

40. Verily, those who belied Our Verses and responded to them arrogantly, the gates of heaven will not open for them, and they will never enter Paradise until the camel gets through the needle eye. Such is the punishment of criminals.   

41. They will have a bed of Hell [under them] and a covering of Hell [over them]. Such is the punishment of wrong-doers.   

42. But those who believed [in Allah] and did good deeds, and We do not burden anyone beyond his capacity, will be the dwellers of Paradise, where they will abide forever.  

43. And We will remove any grudge from their hearts, with rivers flowing under them. And they will say, “Praise is due to Allah, Who guided us to this. And without Allah’s Guidance, we would not have been guided. Our Lord’s Messengers really came with the truth.” And they will be called out, “This Paradise is for you to inherit for what you used to do.”  

44. And the dwellers of Paradise will call out to the dwellers of the Fire, “We have found true what our Lord promised us. Have you found true what your Lord promised?” They will say, “Yes.” Then one will declare to them, “The curse of Allah is upon wrong-doers,”   

45. Those who prevent [people] from the Way of Allah, and wish it to be crooked [i.e., a way of sinning], and disbelieve in the Hereafter.   

46. And between them [i.e., Paradise and Hell] will be a barrier, and on a wall [in between] there will be men [whose good deeds equal their evil deeds], who will recognize each by his face features, and who will call out to Paradise dwellers saying, “Peace be upon you.” They will not have entered it yet [i.e., Paradise], but they hope to do so.   

47. And when they look at the Fire dwellers, they will say, “Our Lord! Do not place us with wrong-doers.”   

48. And the men on the wall will call out to men whom they know by their features [in the Fire], “Your wealth and arrogance have not benefited you.”  

49. Are these the ones of whom you swore that Allah will not extend mercy to them? [Allah will say to them,] “Get into Paradise. There will be no fear on you, nor will you grieve.”   

50. And the dwellers of the Fire will call out to the dwellers of Paradise, “Give us water or of what Allah has provided you with [i.e., food].” They will reply, “Verily, Allah has forbidden them both [i.e., water and food] to disbelievers,”   

51. “Who took their religion as fun and play and were deceived by the worldly life.” So today We shall ignore them as they ignored their meeting of this Day [i.e., the Day of Judgment] and as they denied Our Signs.  

52. And We have brought to them a Book [i.e., The Quran], which We have detailed with knowledge, as mercy and guidance to people who believe.   

53. Do they [disbelievers] await but its fulfillment? On the Day of its fulfillment [i.e., the Day of Resurrection], those who forgot it [i.e., the Day or The Quran] before will say, “The Messengers of our Lord came with the truth. Are there intercessors who can intercede for us or can we be returned [to the first life] so that we may do good deeds unlike those evil ones, which we used to do?” They have lost themselves [by entering the Fire], and their fabricated partners will be of no benefit to them.   

54. Verily, Your Lord is Allah, Who created the heavens and the earth in Six Days, and then He rose over the Throne [that suits Him]. He causes the night to cover the day, seeking it rapidly [on time]. And [He created] the sun, the moon, and stars, all under His Command. To Him belong creation and command. Blessed is Allah, the Lord of the worlds.   

55. Invoke your Lord humbly and secretly. Indeed, He does not like transgressors [i.e., the disobedient].  

56. And do not cause mischief on the earth after its reformation. And invoke Him in fear and in hope. Indeed, Allah’s Mercy is close to good-doers.   

57. It is He Who sends winds as bearers of good news before His Mercy [i.e., rain]. When they carry clouds filled with water vapor, We drive it to a dead land, where We cause rain to fall down, with which We produce all kinds of fruits. Such is how We raise up the dead so that you may remember.  

58. And a good land [immediately] produces its plants [abundantly] with Allah’s Permission, whereas a bad land rarely does so [i.e., a simile of believers and disbelievers, respectively]. Such is how We explain Our Signs to people who thank [Allah].   

59. And We sent Noah [as a Messenger] to his own people, and he said, “O my people! Worship Allah! You have no god other than Him. Indeed, I fear for you the torture of a Great Day.”  

60. The leaders of his people said, “Indeed, we see you clearly astray.”   61. He said, “O my people! I am not astray, but I am a Messenger from the Lord of the worlds.”   

62. “I convey to you my Lord’s Messages, and I pass to you the sincere advice, and I know from Allah what you do not know.”  

63. “Do you wonder that a Reminder [i.e., Message] form your Lord has come to you through a man from among you to warn you so that you may be pious and may receive Allah’s Mercy?” 

64. But they rejected him, so We saved him and those with him in the ship, and We drowned those who belied Our Signs. They were a blind people, indeed.   

65. [And We sent] to ’Ad their brother Hud, who said, “O my people! Worship Allah. There is no god but Him. Do you not fear Him?”  

66. The leaders who disbelieved among his people said, “We see you in utter foolishness, and we think that you are a liar, indeed.”  

67. He said, “O my people! I am no foolish, but I am a Messenger from the Lord of the worlds.”   

68. “I convey to you my Lord’s Messages, and I am an honest advisor to you.”  

69. “Or do you wonder that a Reminder from your Lord has come to you through a man form among you to warn you? And remember that He has made you successors after Noah’s people, and that He has granted you stronger bodies. Thus, remember Allah’s Bounties so that you may succeed.” 

70. They said, “Have you come to us so that we should worship Allah only and leave what our fathers used to worship? Bring us the punishment that you promise, if you are truthful.”   

71. He said, “Allah’s torment and anger have already fallen on you. Do you argue with me defending names [of idols] named by you and your fathers, not authorized by Allah? Wait [for Allah’s punishment], and we do wait with you too.”  

72. Then We saved him [i.e., Hud] and those with him by a mercy from Us, and We destroyed those who belied Our Signs and were not believers.  

73. And [We sent] to Thamud their brother Salih, who said, “O my people! Worship Allah; you have no god but Him. Here is a Sign from your Lord [i.e., a huge she-camel coming form the middle of a rock]. This is a she-camel of Allah, a Sign for you. Let it graze on Allah’s land. And do not hurt her, lest a painful punishment should seize you.”  

74. “And remember when He made you successors after ’Ad, and let you inhabit the land, building palaces on its plains and carving out houses in mountains. So remember Allah’s Signs, and do not do mischief on the earth.”  

75. The leaders of the arrogant among his people [i.e., Salih’s] said to those considered weak, to the believers among them, “Do you know that Salih is a Messenger from his Lord?” They replied, “We have believed in his Message.”   

76. The arrogant said, “We disbelieve in what you have believed.”  

77. So they killed the she-camel and rebelled against their Lord’s Commandment. And they said, “O Salih! Bring us [the punishment] which you have promised, if you are truly one of the Messengers.”  

78. Then the earthquake took them, and they lay dead at their homes.  

79. Then he [i.e., Salih] turned away from them and said, “O my people! I have conveyed my Lord’s Message to you, and I have sincerely advised you, but you do not like sincere advisors.”  

80. And [remember] Lot when he said to his people, “Do you commit the major sin [of sodomy], not committed by anyone before you?”   

81. “You practice sexual intercourse with men instead of women, you have gone beyond the limits [set by Allah].”   

82. And the answer of his people was nothing but saying, “Drive them out of your village, for they want to be pure [of sin].”   

83. Then We saved him and his family, except his wife, who remained behind [and was destroyed].  

84. And We caused rain [of stones] to fall down heavily on them. See how the end of criminals was.  

85. And [We sent] to [the people of] Madyan their brother Shu’aib. He said, “O my people! Worship Allah; you have no god but Him. A Clear Sign has come to you from your Lord. You must give full measure and full weight, and do not give people less than they deserve. And do not corrupt the earth after reforming it. That is better for you, if you are [true] believers.”  

86. “And do not sit on every road threatening people and preventing from Allah’s Path those who believed in Him, and you like it crooked. And remember when you were but a few, and He increased you in number. And see what the end of mischief-makers was.” 

87. “And if a party of you believe in what I was sent  with  and a  party do not, then wait until Allah judges between us, and He is the Best of Judges.”  

88. The arrogant leaders of his people said, “O Shu’aib! We will drive you and those who followed you out from our town unless you return to our religion.” He said, “Even though we hate it?”   

89. “We would tell lies against Allah if we returned to your religion after Allah has saved us from it. And we should not return to it unless Allah, our Lord, wills so. Our Lord knows everything, and in Him we put our trust. Our Lord! Judge between us and our people with justice, and you are the Best to judge.”  

90. And the leaders of the disbelievers among his people said, “If you follow Shu’aib, then you are losers, indeed.”  

91. Then the earthquake took them, and they became dead at their own homes.   

92. Those who belied Shu’aib became as though they had not been there. Those who belied Shu’aib were the losers.  

93. Then he [i.e., Shu’aib] turned away from them and said, “O my people! I did convey my Lord’s Messages to you, and I did advise you. How then may I feel sorry for a disbelieving people?”   

94. And We did not send a Prophet to a town but We tested its people with ailments and poverty so that they might invoke Allah humbly [, but they did not].   

95. Then We tested them in health and wealth until they increased [in number and wealth, but they did not thank], and instead they said, “Our fathers were through such ups and downs.” So We punished them suddenly without them knowing.  

96. And if the people of towns had believed and had been pious, We would have sent to them the blessings of the heavens and the earth. But they belied [Messengers], so We punished them for what they used to earn [of sins].   

97. Did the people of the towns feel secure that Our punishment would not come to them while sleeping in the night?  

98. Or did they feel secure that Our punishment would not come to them while playing before noon?  

99. Did they feel secure against Allah’s punishment? None does so except those who are losers.  

100. Is it not clear to those who inherit the land after its [previous] people that if We had willed, We would have punished them for their sins? And We seal up their hearts so that they do not hear [guidance].  

101. Those are the towns [of Prophets Noah, Hud, Salih, Lot, and Shu’aib], some of whose stories We related to you, [O Muhammad]. Their Messengers came to them with Clear Signs, but they did not believe because of their previous [hidden] rejection. Thus is how Allah seals up the hearts of disbelievers.   

102. And We found that most of them do not abide by their covenant [i.e., obedience to Allah], and We found that most of them are indeed rebellious [against Allah].    

103. Then, after those Prophets, We sent Moses with Our Signs to Pharaoh and his people, but they rejected them. So see what the end of mischief-makers was [i.e., Allah drowned Pharaoh and his troops while Moses was watching].  

104. And Moses said, “O Pharaoh! I am a Messenger from the Lord of the worlds.”     

105. “It is my duty not to say anything concerning Allah but the truth.  I have come to you with a Clear Sign from your Lord. So set the children of Israel free [from your tyranny, and let them worship Allah as they should].”   

106. Pharaoh said, “If you have come with a miracle [i.e., a sign of your prophethood], show it to us, if you are one of the truthful.”    

107. Then Moses threw his stick, and, surprisingly, it was a real serpent.   

108. And he took his hand out [of his shirt], and, unexpectedly, it was [brightly] white for beholders.     

109. The chiefs of Pharaoh’s people said, “This [man] is indeed a skillful magician.”      

110. “He wants to drive you out of your land, so what do you suggest?”      

111. They [i.e., the chiefs] said [to Pharaoh], “Delay him [i.e., Moses] and his brother [for some time], and send callers [everywhere],”   

112. “To bring to you all skillful magicians.”  

113. And the magicians came to Pharaoh and said, “Are you going to reward us if we are victorious [over Moses]?”   

114. He said, “Yes, and, in addition, you will be very close to me.”      

115. They [i.e., the magicians] said, “O Moses! Either you throw [first] or we do first.”       

116. He said, “You throw [first].” When they did, they bewitched people’s eyes and put them in terror, for their magic was great.       

117. And We revealed to Moses, “Throw your stick.” And his stick became a [real] serpent swallowing up their false magic.   

118. And the truth became clear, and all that they did was utterly false.  

119. Thus, the magicians there were defeated and became in humiliation,  120. And the magicians fell down prostrating themselves [to Allah].   

121. They said, “We do believe in the Lord of the worlds,”  

122. “The Lord of Moses and Aaron.”  

123. Pharaoh said, “How dare you believe in Him before you get my permission? This is nothing but a plot [by you and Moses] already planned in the city in order to drive its people out of it. You will see [my punishment].”  

124. “I will cut off your hands and your feet from opposite sides, and then I will crucify you all.”  

125. They said, “Indeed, to our Lord we will return.”  

126. “You are angry with us only because we have believed in our Lord’s Signs when they came to us. Our Lord! Grant us patience, and let us die as Muslims [i.e., submitting to Allah].”  

127. The chiefs of Pharaoh’s people said [to Pharaoh], “Are you going to leave Moses and his people to do mischief on the land and to desert you and your gods?” He said, “We will kill their sons and let live their females, and we will be victors over them.”   

128. Moses said to his people, “Invoke Allah to help you, and be patient. The land does belong to Allah, Who gives it in heritage to whomever He wills, and the [good] end is for the pious.”   

129. They said, “We had suffered before you came and after.” Moses said, “It may be that Allah will destroy your enemy and make you successors on the land and then see how you behave.”   

130. And We tested Pharaoh’s people with drought and lack of fruits [and crops] so that they might remember [Allah].   

131. But if something good came to them [i.e., Pharaoh’s people], they said, “This is what we deserve.” And if a disaster hit them, they attributed it to Moses and his followers. But, in fact, disasters came to them as a punishment from Allah, but most of them do not know.   

132. And they said [to Moses], “Whatever sign you bring to us to bewitch us with, we shall not believe in you.”   

133. So We sent on them the flood, locusts, lice, frogs, and blood as Clear Signs [of Allah’s punishment]; yet, they remained arrogant, and they were real criminals.   

134. And whenever the punishment fell on them, they said, “O Moses! Invoke for us your Lord because of His Promise to you. If you remove the punishment away from us, we will believe in you and send the children of Israel with you.”   

135. But when We removed the punishment from them to a fixed term, they broke their promise.   

136. So We took vengeance on them [i.e., Pharaoh’s people] and drowned them in the sea because they had belied Our Signs and had been careless about them.  

137. And We made those who were treated as weak inherit the land, east and west, which We blessed. And the good promise of your Lord to the children of Israel was fulfilled because of their patience, and We destroyed what Pharaoh and his people constructed, erected, and planted.   

138. And We helped the children of Israel cross the sea [safely]. Then they passed by a people worshiping their idols and said to Moses, “Make for us a god as these people have gods.” He said, “You are really ignorant.”  

139. “These people will certainly be destroyed for what they are doing, and what they do is utterly false.”   

140. He said, “Shall I seek for you a god other than Allah, while He favored you above all people [of that time]?”  

141. And [remember] when We saved you [i.e., children of Israel] from Pharaoh’s people, who were exercising the worst torture against you, killing your sons and letting live your women. That was a great test from your Lord.  

142. And We assigned for Moses thirty days [of fasting] and added ten more, and thus He completed the forty nights, his Lord’s appointment. And Moses said to his brother Aaron, “Take my place among my people [during my absence], abide by the Right Path, and do not follow the way of mischief-doers.”   

143. And when Moses came to Our appointed place and time, and his Lord spoke to him, he said, “O my Lord! Let me see You.” Allah said, “You will never see Me, but look at the mountain. If it stands still at its place, then you will see Me.” When his Lord appeared to the mountain, He changed it into dust, and Moses fell down fainting. When he woke up, he said, “Glory is to You. I return to You in repentance, and I am the first to believe.”   

144. Allah said, “O Moses! I have chosen you, preferring you to other people by My Messages and My speaking [to you]. So take what I have given to you, and be of the grateful.”   145. And We wrote for him on the Tablets of all lessons in detail and said, “Hold fast to it, and order your people to abide by the best of it. I will show you the abode of the rebellious.”  

146. I will turn away from My Signs those who unjustly show arrogance in their behavior on the earth. And even if they see all Signs, they do not believe in them. And if they see the Right Way, they do not choose it as the Way. And if they see the wrong way, they choose it as the Way. That is because they belied Our Signs and were unaware of them.   

147. As for those who rejected Our Signs and denied the Hereafter Meeting [i.e., the Day of Resurrection], their deeds were in vain. Are they recompensed except for what they used to do?   

148. And Moses’ people, after he left them, made a calf image out of their ornaments [to worship], with its mooing. Did they not see that it did not speak to them, nor could it guide them to the Right Way? They took it [for worship], and thus they did wrong themselves.   

149. And when they regretted what they did and saw that they had gone astray, they said, “If Allah does not have mercy on us and nor does He forgive us, we shall be among losers.”  

150. And when Moses returned to his people in anger and regret, he said, “Evil is what you have done in my absence. Are you in a hurry for Allah’s punishment?” And he dropped down the Tablets and seized his brother’s head dragging him towards himself. Aaron said, “O my mother’s son! The people did take me as weak, and they were about to kill me, so do not let my enemies rejoice over me, and do not consider me as one among wrong-doers.”   

151. Moses said, “O my Lord!Forgive me and my brother and include us under Your Mercy, and You are the Most Merciful of those who are merciful.”   

152. Verily, those who took the calf [for worship] will get anger from their Lord, and for them there is humiliation in this life, and such is how We punish those who invent lies [against Allah].  

153. As for those who did evil deeds and then repented and believed, your Lord, after that, is certainly Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.  

154. And when Moses’ anger calmed down, he picked up the Tablets, which had guidance and mercy for those who fear their Lord.  

155. And Moses chose seventy men from among his people for Our appointed place and time. When an earthquake seized them [because they asked Moses to show them Allah], he said “O my Lord! If only you had willed, you could have killed them and me before. Do you destroy us for what some fools among us did? It is not but Your test, with which You put astray whomever You will and guide whomever you will. You are our Protector, so forgive us and grant us Your Mercy, and You are the Best of forgivers.”   

156. “And ordain for us good in this life and [good] in the Hereafter. We have returned to You.” Allah said, “As for My punishment, I afflict with it whomever I will. And My Mercy can embrace everything, so I will ordain it for those who are pious and pay zakat and those who in Our Signs do believe.”   

157. Those who follow the Messenger, the illiterate Prophet [i.e., Muhammad], whom they find written with them in The Torah and The Gospel, who commands them of good, forbids them from evil, allows for them what is good [of foods and deeds], disallows for them what is bad [of foods and deeds], and releases them from their burdens and from restrictions that were imposed on them, those who believed in him [i.e., Prophet Muhammad], honored him, supported him, and followed the Light sent down to him [i.e., The Quran] are the successful.   

158. Say, [O Muhammad], “O people! I am the Messenger of Allah to you all, Who has the dominion of the heavens and the earth. There is no god but Him. He gives life, and He causes death. So believe in Allah and His Messenger, the illiterate Prophet [as mentioned in the previous Scriptures], who believes in Allah and His Words [i.e., this Quran]. And follow him so that you may be guided.”  

159. And of Moses’ people, there are some who guide others with the truth and judge with justice. 

160. And We divided them [i.e., Moses’ people] into twelve tribes, distinct communities. And We revealed to Moses when his people asked him for water, saying, “Strike the stone with your stick.” Then twelve springs gushed out, and each tribe knew where to drink. And We shaded them with clouds, and We sent down to them almann [i.e., honeydew] and quails, [saying to them], “Eat of the good things with which We provided you.” And they did not wrong Us, but themselves they did wrong.   

161. And [remember] when it was said to them, “Live at this town, and eat of it wherever you like, and say [to Allah], ‘Forgive our sins,’ and enter the gate in prostration so that We will forgive you your sins. We shall increase the reward of good-doers.”   

162. But the wrong-doers among them changed the word which was said to them. So We sent on them a punishment from heaven for their misdeeds.  

163. And, [O Muhammad], ask them [i.e., the Jews] about the town by the sea, how they transgressed on Saturdays, when fishes came to them seen openly on the surface and did not come on the other days [of the week]. Such was a test of them for their rebellion against Allah.   

164. And when a group of them [i.e., the Jews] said [to another group], “Why do you preach those who will be destroyed or severely punished by Allah [for fishing on the Sabbath]?”, they said, “To be excused by Allah [, for He ordered to advise sinners] so that they may fear Allah.”   

165. When they forgot what they were reminded of [i.e., not to fish on Saturdays], We saved those who forbade evil, and We punished those who disobeyed with a severe torture for their rebellion [against Allah].   

166. When they insisted on doing what they were prohibited to do, We said to them, “Be despised monkeys.”  

167. And [remember] when your Lord, [O Muhammad], declared that He would surely send against them [i.e., the Jews], until the Day of Resurrection, those who would afflict on them the worst punishment. Verily, your Lord is Swift in punishment, and He is, verily, Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.  

168. And We divided them [i.e., the Jews] up into separate groups [scattered] on the earth; some of them are good, and some are not. And We tested them with easy days and hard days so that they might return [to Allah].   

169. Then after them a generation who inherited the Scripture [i.e., The Torah] came but with repeated rejection, saying, “Allah will forgive us.” But when another occasion of temptation came again, they would sin again. Was the Scripture covenant not taken from them that they must not say about Allah but the truth? And they studied what it [i.e., the Scripture] has. And the Hereafter is better [than this life] for the pious. Do you not understand?  

170. And as for those who obey the Book [i.e., The Quran] and perform prayer, We do not waste the reward of good-doers.   

171. And [remember] when We raised the mountain above them as if it had been a shade, and they [i.e., Moses’ people] thought that it was going to fall on them. We said, “Hold fast to The Torah and remember what it has so that you may be pious.”  

172. And [remember] when your Lord brought forth from mankind, from their loins, their offspring and made them testify to themselves, saying, “Am I not your Lord?” They said, “Yes, we testify,” lest you should say on the Day of Resurrection, “Verily, we have been unaware of this.”   

173. Or lest you should say, “Our fathers before us took partners with Allah, and we were only their descendants after them. Will you then destroy us for what those polytheists did?”  

174. And thus We explain Our Signs in detail so that they may return [to the truth].   

175. And recite to them the story of him to whom We gave Our Signs, but he rejected them, so Satan followed him, and he became one of those who went astray.   

176. And if We had willed, We would have raised him with it [i.e., knowledge of the truth], but he preferred this life and followed his own desires. He is like a dog: if you drive it away, it lolls out its tongue, and if you leave it alone, it does the same [too]. That is the case of those who belie Our Signs. So tell them the stories so that they may reflect.   

177. Evil is the case of those who denied Our Signs, and they did wrong themselves.  

178. Whomever Allah guides is the one really guided. And whomever Allah sends astray is a real loser. 

179. And We created for Hell a lot of jinn and people. They have hearts with which they do not understand, eyes with which they do not see, and ears with which they do not hear. They are like cattle, or even more astray. Those are the heedless ones.   

180. And to Allah belong the Best Names, so call on Him by them, and turn away from those who take partners with His Names. They will be recompensed for what they used to do.   

181. And of those whom We create, there is a nation [of Muslims] who guide others to the truth [i.e., Islam] and with it they judge [between people].   

182. And as for those who reject Our Signs, We will punish them without them perceiving.   

183. And I will give them a respite. Verily, My plan cannot fail.  

184. Do they not reflect? Their companion [i.e., Muhammad] is not mad. He is but a plain Warner [of the Fire].   

185. Do they not think of the dominion of the heavens and the earth and all things created by Allah? What if their death moment is very close? In what message are they going to believe then?  

186. Whomever Allah sends astray, no one can guide him then. And Allah leaves them wandering blindly in their disobedience.   

187. They ask you, [O Muhammad], about the Hour [i.e., the Day of Resurrection], “When will it be?” Say, “The knowledge of the Hour is only with Allah. No one can reveal its time except Him. Such knowledge is hidden [from all those] in the heavens and the earth. It does not come but suddenly.” They ask you [about it] as if you knew it. Say, “Only Allah knows when, but most people do not know.”   

188. Say, [O Muhammad], “I have no control over what may benefit or hurt me [in the unseen future] except what Allah wills [to inform me]. Had I known the Unseen, I would have got more and more of wealth, and no hurt would have afflicted me. I am only a Warner [of Hell] and a bearer of glad news [about Paradise] for those who believe [in Allah].”  

189. It is He Who has created you from one single person [i.e., Adam], and He has created from him his wife [i.e., Eve] so that he might live with her in love and peace. When Adam had a sexual relation with her, she became lightly pregnant and continued with her pregnancy. When she felt heavy [with the embryo], they both invoked their Lord, “If You give us a good son, we will certainly be of those who are grateful.”   

190. When He gives them [i.e., mankind in general] what they ask for, they take partners with Him. Allah is Exalted above such partners.   

191. Do they take as partners [with Allah] those that create nothing and are themselves created [i.e., idols]?   

192. And they [i.e., the partners] cannot support them [i.e., their worshipers], and nor can they even support themselves.  

193. And if you call them [i.e., idols] to guidance, they will not follow you; it will be the same [for them] whether you call them or not.   

194. Those that you invoke instead of Allah are creatures like you. So invoke them [i.e., the idols], and let them respond to you, if you are truthful.  

195. Do they [i.e., the idols] have feet to walk on or hands to strike with or eyes to see with or ears to hear with? Say, [O Muhammad, to idol worshippers], “Call your partners [i.e., idols], then make plots against me without delay.”  

196. “Verily, my Protector is Allah, Who sent down the Book [i.e., The Quran], and He is the One Who protects good-doers.”  

197. And those which you invoke besides Him cannot help you, nor can they help themselves [i.e., idols or whatever].   

198. And if you call them [i.e., idols or disbelievers] to guidance, they do not hear. And you see them looking at you, but they do not see.  

199. Forgive others [even if they have wronged you], and command whatever is good, and turn away from the foolish.   

200. And if Satan whispers to you, seek refuge with Allah. Verily, He is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower. 

201. Truly, those who fear Allah, when they are tempted to sin by Satan, remember [Him] and they immediately see [the Right Path]. 

202. As for Satan’s followers, the devils plunge them deeper into sins, and they never stop doing so. 

203. And if you, [O Muhammad], do not bring them [i.e., disbelievers] a miracle [which they desire], they say, “Why do you not bring us this miracle?” Say, “I only follow whatever is revealed to me from my Lord. This [i.e., The Quran] is a light,  guidance, and  mercy from your Lord to people who believe.”   

204. So, when The Quran is recited, listen to it and be silent so that you may get Allah’s mercy.   

205. And remember your Lord within yourself in humbleness and fear, not too loudly, in early mornings and late afternoons, and do not be among those who are neglectful [of remembering Allah].   

206. Verily, those who are with your Lord [i.e., angels] are never too proud to worship Him, and they glorify Him, and to Him they prostrate themselves.  

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

1. They ask you, [O Muhammad], about the spoils of war. Say, “Such spoils are for Allah and the Messenger.” So fear Allah, and settle all matters among you, and obey Allah and His Messenger, if you are believers. 

2. Believers are only those whose hearts feel fear when Allah’s name is mentioned. And when Our Verses are recited to them, their faith increases, and in their Lord they place their trust.  

3. They are those who perform prayers, and they spend of what We have provided them with.  

4. Those are the true believers, indeed. For them there are high ranks with their Lord, forgiveness, and a generous provision [in Paradise].   

5. Your Lord made you, [O Muhammad], leave your home for a fair cause [to fight polytheists at the Battle of Badr] although some believers did not like it.  

6. They dispute with you about the truth although it is quite clear to them, as if they are driven to death while looking at it.   

7. And [remember] when Allah promised you [i.e., Muslims] that either the enemy army or its caravan would be yours, but you wished to have the goods caravan, while Allah wishes to make Islam victorious and to defeat disbelievers,  

8. So that He will cause the truth [i.e., Islam] to win and causes falsehood [i.e., disbelief] to lose even though criminals [i.e., disbelievers] hate it.  

9. [Remember] when you [i.e., Muslims at the Battle of Badr] invoked your Lord [for victory] and He answered you, “I will support you with one thousand angels to help you.”  

10. And Allah made that support as glad news so as to give security to your hearts. And victory is only from Allah. Verily, Allah is All-Exalted, All-Wise.   

11. [Remember] when He covered you with slumber to give security to you [i.e., Muslims in the night before the Battle of Badr], and He sent down on you water from the sky so as to purify you with it, to make you get rid of Satan’s evil whisper, to encourage your hearts, and to make firm your feet [during the battle].   

12. [Remember] when you Lord, [O Muhammad], revealed to the angels, “I am with you, so support the believers. I will fill the hearts of the disbelievers with terror. So strike above necks, and strike their fingers and toes.”  

13. That is because they defy Allah and His Messenger. And whoever defies Allah and His Messenger, verily, Allah is Severe in punishment.   

14. So taste the punishment [of Allah in this life], and there will be the Fire torment for disbelievers [in the Hereafter].   

15. O you who believe! When you meet those who disbelieve at the battlefield, do not turn your backs to them [in escape].   

16. And whoever turns his back during the battle, unless it is a war plan or siding with other troops, he earns the wrath of Allah and his abode will be Hell, and that will be the worst end.  

17. So you did not kill them [i.e., disbelievers], but Allah is the One Who did. And you [i.e., Muhammad] did not throw when you threw, but Allah is the One Who did so in order to make believers know His Bounties on them [by making a few be victorious over many]. Verily, Allah is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.  

18. That is victory [from Allah to you at the Battle of Badr], and Allah always destroys the plots of disbelievers.   

19. If you [i.e., disbelievers] ask for judgment, the judgment has come [i.e., Muslims’ victory]. And if you cease denying the Message, it will be better for you. And if you return [to disobedience], We return [to punishing you], and your greater numbers [of troops] will not be of benefit to you no matter how numerous you will be. And [know that] Allah is with believers.   

20. O you who believe! Obey Allah and His Messenger, and do not turn your back to him [i.e., disobey] when you hear [the truth].  

21. And do not be like those [i.e., hypocrites] who said, “We have heard,” while, in fact, they have not heard.  

22. Truly, the worst living creatures are those that are deaf [not hearing the truth] and dumb [not supporting it] and those that do not understand.    

23. And if Allah had known of any good in them [i.e., hypocrites], he would have made them hear. And had He made them hear, they would have turned away from the truth.  

24. O you who believe! Answer Allah and His Messenger when he calls you to what gives you life. And know that Allah can come between one and his heart and that to Him you will be gathered.   

25. And fear a case of disobedience that does not afflict wrong-doers among you in particular   [, but it may afflict all], and know that Allah is Severe in punishment.   

26. And remember, [O believers], when you were merely a few, treated as weak in the land, and afraid of being defeated by people, but then Allah provided you with a secure place [after immigration to Al-Madeenah], supported you with victory from Him, and provided you with all good things so that you might thank [Him].   

27. O you who believe! Do not betray Allah and His Messenger [by disobedience], nor betray what you are entrusted with knowingly.  

28. And know that your wealth and your children are only a test to you and that Allah has great rewards for you.  

29. O you who believe! If you obey Allah, He will make an outlet for you, expiate your sins, and forgive you. And Allah is the Owner of the Great Grace.  

30. And [remember] when those who disbelieved plotted  against you, [O Muhammad], to  jail, kill, or drive you out of your  home [i.e., Makkah]. They plan  against you, but Allah plans too,  and Allah is the Best of those who  plan.  

31. And when Our Verses [of The Quran] are recited to them [i.e., disbelievers], they say, “We have heard this. If we want, we can say the like of it. This is nothing but the tales of the ancients.”   

32. And [remember] when they [i.e., disbelievers] said, “O Allah! If this is the truth from You, then send down on us rain of stones from the sky or bring us a painful punishment.”   

33. And Allah would not torture them while you, [O Muhammad], are among them, nor would He punish them while they ask for forgiveness.  

34. And why should Allah not punish them for hindering [believers] from the Holy Mosque [at Makkah] when they are not its guardians? Its guardians are only the pious, but most of them do not know. 

35. And their prayer at the Ka’bah was not but whistling and clapping [to disturb Muslims’ prayers], so taste punishment [at the Battle of Badr] for your disbelief.  

36. Verily, those who disbelieve spend their wealth to hinder people from the Way of Allah. They will spend it, but eventually they will regret it  and  they  will  be defeated. And those who disbelieve will be gathered in Hell. 

37. [This occurs] so that Allah distinguishes disbelievers and believers, piles evil-doers and disbelievers one above the other, and places them in Hell. Those are the real losers.  

38. [O Muhammad], tell disbelievers that if they cease [their rebellion], their past disobedience will be forgiven. But if they return [to disbelief], they will be punished like those before.  

39. And fight them [i.e., polytheists and disbelievers] so that such disorder will come to an end and submission be only to Allah. If they cease [rebelling against Allah], Allah indeed sees what they do.  

40. And if they turn away [i.e., reject faith], then know that Allah is your Protector. And He is the Best Protector, and He is the Best Supporter.   

41. And know that whatever you get of war-spoils, one-fifth of it goes to Allah, the Messenger, the near relatives [of the Messenger], orphans, the needy, and the wayfarer, if you believe in Allah and what We revealed to the Messenger. [And remember Our Grace upon believers] on the Day of distinguishing belief and disbelief when the two armies met [at the Battle of Badr, ending in Muslims’ victory]. And Allah is Able to do everything.   

42. [And remember] when you [i.e., Muslims’ army] were on the near side of the valley [at the Battle of Badr] and they [i.e., your enemy] on the far side with the caravan down below. Had there been a mutual appointment [between you and them], you would have failed to make it, but [you fought them and won] so that Allah would carry out what He decreed [i.e., Muslims’ victory]. Thus, those who disbelieve would disbelieve despite evidence, and those who believe would believe with evidence. And Allah is, indeed, the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.  

43. [And remember] when Allah showed them [i.e., the enemy before the battle] to you, [O Muhammad], in your dream as few [to encourage you]. Had Allah shown them to you as many, you would have been discouraged and disputed about the decision [of war], but Allah saved you. Verily, He is the All-Knower of what hearts conceal.  

44. And [remember] when you met [the disbelievers’ army at the Battle of Badr]. You saw them as few, and they saw you as few [too] so that Allah would carry out a matter already decreed. And to Allah all matters are returned.   

45. O you who believe! If you meet the enemy in war, stand firm and remember Allah a lot so that you may succeed.   

46. And obey Allah and His Messenger [i.e., Muhammad], and do not dispute with each other, lest you should fail and lose your power. And be patient; verily, Allah is with those who are patient.  

47. [O believers], do not be like those [disbelievers] who went out of their homes [for war] boastfully, showing off and hindering [people] from the Path of Allah. And Allah is the All-Knower of what they do.   

48. And [remember] when Satan made their deeds fair-seeming to them [i.e., disbelievers at the Battle of Badr] and said, “No one of people can defeat you today, and I am your neighbor and ally.” When the two armies were close to one another, Satan ran away and said, “I am innocent of you, and I see what you do not see. I do fear Allah, and Allah is Severe in punishment.”   

49. [Remember] when the hypocrites and those with a disease [i.e., disbelief] in their hearts said, “These [believers at the Battle of Badr] are deceived by their religion.” Whoever puts his trust in Allah, Allah is indeed All-Exalted, All-Wise.  

50. And if only you could see the angels taking away disbelievers’ souls, smiting their faces and their backs, saying, “Taste the torment of the Fire.” 

51. “That is because of what you did. And Allah is not unjust to anyone.” 

52. They rejected Allah’s Signs as Pharaoh’s people and disbelievers before them did, so Allah punished them for their sins. Verily, Allah is All-Strong, Severe in punishment. 

53. That is because Allah does not change a grace which He has granted to a people unless they change what is in their own hearts [i.e., faith], for Allah is the All-Hearer, the All-knower. 

54. This is similar to the behavior of Pharaoh’s people and those before them, who rejected their Lord’s Signs, so We destroyed them for their sins, and We drowned Pharaoh’s people, for all of them were wrong-doers. 

55. Verily, the worst living creatures before Allah are those who disbelieve, for they do not believe. 

56. They [i.e., disbelievers] are those with whom you have made a covenant, then they break it repeatedly without fearing Allah. 

57. If you, [O Muhammad], overcome them in war, punish them severely so as to give a lesson to them and to the supporters behind them.   

58.  And if you, [O Muhammad], fear from a people a violation of a covenant, you also and equally cancel such a covenant, for Allah does not like those who break their covenants.   

59. And disbelievers should never think that they can escape Our punishment, for they are always under Our control.  

60. And, [O believers], prepare against your enemies all that you can prepare of power, including horses, with which you terrify the enemy of Allah, your enemy, and other enemies not known by you but known by Allah. And whatever you spend in Allah’s Way will be fully repaid to you without being wronged.  

61. But if they [i.e., your enemies] incline to peace, incline to it, and have trust in Allah, for He is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.  

62. And if they [i.e., the enemy offering peace] intend only to deceive you, [O Muhammad], Allah is Sufficient for you. It is He Who supported you with His Victory and with believers.  

63. And it is He Who has united believers’ hearts. Had you, [O Muhammad], spent all the wealth of the earth, you could not have united their hearts, but Allah could do so. He is really All-Exalted, All-Wise.  

64. O Prophet [Muhammad]!Allah is Sufficient for you and for those believers who follow you.  

65. O Prophet [Muhammad]!Urge believers to fight [the enemy]. If twenty of you stand firm in the battle, they can defeat two hundred. And if one hundred stand firm, they can defeat one thousand of disbelievers, for disbelievers do not understand.   

66. Now Allah has lightened your duties, for He knows your weakness. If one hundred of you stand firm, they can defeat two hundred; and if they are one thousand, they can defeat two thousand with Allah’s Permission, for Allah is always with those who are patient.   

67. No Prophet should have prisoners of war [and then free them for a ransom] until he kills enough [of the enemy]. You desire the ransom money, while Allah desires the Hereafter [for you]. And Allah is All-Exalted, All-Wise.  

68. Had it not been for a previous ordainment [that Allah forgave all Muslims who fought at the Battle of Badr], you would have been strictly punished [for the ransom money which you took from the captives].   

69. So enjoy what you have got of war booty, lawful and good, and fear Allah. Allah is indeed Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.   

70. O Prophet [Muhammad]!Say to the captives under your control, “If Allah knows any good in your hearts, He will give you what is better than what was taken from you [i.e., ransom money], and He will forgive you. And Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.”   

71. And if they [i.e., the captives of war after they believed] intend to betray you, they had betrayed Allah before [when they were disbelievers] and He made you, [O Muhammad], capture them. And Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.  

72. Those who believed, emigrated, and strove with their wealth and their lives in the Way of Allah [i.e., Immigrants from Makkah to  Al-Madeenah] as   well   as  those who gave them shelter and help [i.e., Supporters at Al-Madeenah] are all allies to each other. But those who believed and did not emigrate, you are not to protect them until they emigrate [to you, Muhammad]. But if they ask you for help, you have to help them, but not against a people with whom you have a peace treaty. And Allah is the All-Seer of what you do.   

73. And those who disbelieve are allies of one another. If you [i.e., Muslims] do not [ally with one another, not with disbelievers], there will be disorder on the earth and a great mischief.   

74. And those who believed, emigrated, and strove in Allah’s Way as well as those who gave shelter and help [to the immigrants] are true believers. For them there will be forgiveness and a generous provision [i.e., Paradise].  

75. And those who believed later, emigrated, and strove on your side are of you. But relatives by blood are closer to one another according to Allah’s decree. Verily, Allah is the All-Knower of everything.  

1. Allah and His Messenger [Muhammad] are [now] free of any [previous] obligations given to polytheists with whom you made peace treaties.

2. [O polytheists!] You can freely go around for [only] four months [if the treaty is unlimited in time or less than four months]. And you must know that you cannot escape Allah's punishment and that Allah will disgrace disbelievers.   

3. And [there will be] a declaration from Allah and His Messenger to people on the greatest day of pilgrimage [i.e., the Day of Sacrifice on the 10th of Thu-Alhijjah] that Allah and His Messenger are free of polytheists. So if you [i.e., polytheists] repent, that will better for you; but if you turn away, know that you cannot escape Allah's punishment. And you [Muhammad] warn disbelievers against a painful punishment [to come].  

4. As for polytheists in peace treaty with you [i.e., Muslims], who kept up the treaty in full and who did not ally with anyone against you, abide by the treaty with them until its appointed end, for Allah loves the pious.  

5. Then when the Sacred Months [i.e., the 1st, 7th, 11th, 12th months of the Islamic calendar] have passed, kill polytheists wherever you find them, take them as captives, besiege them, and ambush them as often as you can. If they repent, perform prayer, and give zakat [i.e., appointed charity], then pardon them. Surely, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.   

6. And if a polytheist asks you [i.e., Muhammad] for protection, then give him protection so that he may hear the Word of Allah [i.e., The Quran], and help him get to his secure place, for they do not know [the greatness of Islam].   

7. How can there be a covenant for polytheists with Allah and His Messenger, with the exception of those with whom you made a covenant near the Holy Mosque [at Makkah]? So you [i.e., Muslims] have to abide by the treaty as long as they abide by it. Verily, Allah loves the pious.   

8. How [can there be a covenant with polytheists], while if they overcome you [Muslims], they show no regard to any blood ties or to the treaty itself? They please you with their tongues only, whereas their hearts are filled with grudge against you. And most of them are disobedient [to Allah].   

9. They sold Allah’s Verses at a cheap price and hindered people from His Way. How evil their deeds were!   

10. They [i.e., polytheists and disbelievers] have no respect for blood relations nor for treaties. They are really the transgressors.   

11. But if they repent, perform prayer, and give zakat, they are your brethren in religion. And We explain Our Signs in detail to people who know.   

12. And if they break their oaths and attack your religion [of Islam], then fight the chiefs of disbelief since they have no respect for their own oaths so that they may cease.   

13. [O Muslims!] Fight those who have violated their oaths and plotted to drive the Messenger [Muhammad] out [from Makkah] with them being the first to attack you. Do you fear them, while Allah is the One to be feared most, if you are believers?  

14. Fight them [i.e., disbelievers and polytheists], and Allah will torture them with your hands [you Muslims], will disgrace them, make you victorious over them, and heal believers' hearts,   

15. And take away the anger of believers' hearts. And Allah forgives whomever He wills, and Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.  

16. Or do you think that you will be left without being tested by Allah so as to know those of you who have striven [in His Way] and who have not allied with disbelievers instead of Allah, His Messenger, and believers? And Allah is Well-Acquainted with what you do.  

17. It is not polytheists' right to maintain Allah's mosques, witnessing against themselves of disbelief. Those are of vain deeds, and in the Fire they will be eternal dwellers.   

18. The mosques of Allah are to be maintained only by those who believe in Allah and the Last Day, perform prayer, pay zakat, and do not fear but Allah. Those are the ones truly guided.  

19. Have you made providing pilgrims with water to drink and the maintenance of the Holy Mosque [at Makkah] equal to one who believed in Allah and the Last Day and strove in Allah's Way? They cannot be equal unto Allah. And Allah does not guide wrong-doers.   

20. Those who believed, emigrated [from Makkah to Al-Madeenah], and strove in Allah's Way with their wealth and their lives are higher in rank with Allah, and they are the real winners.  

21. Their Lord gives them the glad news of Mercy from Him, of His being pleased with them, and of Gardens where they will have an everlasting delight.   

22. They will dwell there [i.e., in Paradise] forever. Verily, Allah has great rewards [for good-doers].   

23. O you who believe! Do not take your fathers and brothers as supporters if they prefer disbelief to belief. And whoever of you does so is a wrong-doer.   

24. Say, [O Muhammad], “If your fathers, sons, brothers, wives, relatives, wealth which you have gained, a trade which you are worried about, and pleasant houses are dearer to you than Allah and His Messenger and strife in His Way, then wait until Allah brings His punishment. And Allah does not guide the disobedient.”   

25. Allah has given you, [O believers], victory on many occasions. And [remember]  the Day of Hunain, [a battle at a valley between Makkah and Al-Ta’if], when you were pleased at your great number, but such a number was of no use to you, and the land, though very wide, became so narrowed, and you turned back [off the battle].   

26. Then Allah sent down His calmness on His Messenger [Muhammad] and on the believers [with him], and He sent down forces [i.e., angels] not seen by you, and He punished the disbelievers [there]. And that is the recompense of disbelievers.    

27. Then Allah, after that, forgives whomever He wills. And Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most-Merciful.  

28. O you who believe!Polytheists are impure, so they must not approach the Holy Mosque [at Makkah] after this year [i.e., the ninth year after Hijrah]. And if you fear poverty, Allah will enrich you of His Grace if He wills. Allah is, indeed, All-Knowing, All-Wise.   

29. Fight those who do not believe in Allah and the Last Day, who do not disallow what Allah has disallowed, and who do not embrace the right religion [i.e., Islam] of the people of the Scripture, until they pay jizyah [i.e., protection tax] with submission.  

30. And the Jews said that Ezra is Allah’s son, and the Christians said that Jesus is Allah’s son. That is only their verbal fabrication [i.e., without any evidence], similar to what previous disbelievers used to fabricate. The curse of Allah may be on them! How can they ignore the truth [though it is so clear]? 

31. They [i.e., Jews and Christians] took their rabbis and priests as lords besides Allah [by allowing what Allah has disallowed], and so they did concerning Messiah, son of Mary, whereas they were ordered [in their Scriptures] to worship One God only. There is no god but Him. Glory is to Him above what they associate with Him.   

32. They [i.e., disbelievers] want to extinguish Allah's Light [i.e., Islam] with their mouths [i.e., lies], but Allah insists that His Light be perfected even against disbelievers' will.   

33. It is He Who sent His Messenger [Muhammad] with guidance and the religion of truth [i.e., Islam] to make it superior to all other religions even though polytheists hate this.  

34. O you who believe! There are many rabbis [of the Jews] and priests [of the Christians] who devour people's wealth unjustly and hinder [others] from the Way of Allah. And there are those who treasure gold and silver without paying zakat, spending nothing in the Way of Allah. Such people will have a painful punishment.   

35. One day such wealth will be heated in the Hell Fire, and then their foreheads, flanks, and backs will be branded with it, [and it will be said to them,] “This is what you hoarded for yourselves, so taste what you used to hoard.”   

36. Verily, the number of months with Allah is twelve months [in a year] as ordained in the Record of Allah since when He created the heavens and the earth. Four of them are sacred [i.e., 1st, 7th, 11th, 12th months of the Islamic calendar]. That is the Straight Way [i.e., Islam], so do not wrong yourselves during these months. And fight all polytheists as they fight you all. And know that Allah supports the pious.   

37. Postponing a Sacred Month [i.e., Muharram] is an addition to disbelief, where disbelievers are led [more] astray, for they make it lawful in one year and unlawful in another to keep as four the number of months forbidden by Allah and thus allow what Allah has disallowed. Their misdeeds are made fair-seeming to them. And Allah does not guide disbelievers.   

38. O you who believe! What is about you? When you are told to march forward in the Way of Allah, you do as such so lazily. Do you prefer this worldly life to the other life although the enjoyment of the former is but a little if compared to that of the latter?   

39. If you [i.e., believers] do not march forward, He will punish you with a painful torture, and He will replace you with another people, and you cannot harm Him in the least. And Allah is Able to do everything.   

40. If you [i.e., believers] do not support him [i.e., Muhammad], Allah did support him when the disbelievers drove him out [of Makkah], a second of two [with his companion Abu Bakr, emigrating to Al-Madeenah]. When they both were in the cave, he said to his companion, “Do not be sad, for Allah is with us.” So Allah sent down His calmness on him and strengthened him with forces [i.e., angels] unseen by you, and He made the word of disbelievers the lowest and Allah’s word the highest. And Allah is All-Exalted, All-Wise. 

41. March forward, young or old, rich or poor, and strive in the Way of Allah with your wealth and your lives [to the Battle of Tabouk against the Romans]. That is better for you, if you know.   

42. Had it been a near gain and an easy journey, they [i.e., who did not join the army for the Battle of Tabouk, offering false excuses] would have come with you, [O Muhammad], but it was a long distance. And they would swear by Allah [when you return], "Had we been able, we would have gone out [to the battle] with you." They are destroying themselves, and Allah knows that they are liars.   

43. Allah forgives you, [O Muhammad]. Why have you permitted them [not to go to the battle]? [You should have insisted that all should go] so as to know who is truthful and who is not.   

44. Those who believe in Allah and the Last Day do not ask you, [O Muhammad], to exempt them from striving with their wealth and their lives. And Allah is the All-Knower of the pious.   

45. Your permission, [O Muhammad, for not going to war], is sought only by those who do not believe in Allah and the Last Day and whose hearts are in doubt [of your Message]. That is why they hesitate under the effect of doubt. 

46. Had they [i.e., those hypocrites] really intended to go out [to the battle], they would have prepared for it. But Allah hated their being there [at the battle], so He discouraged them, and it was said [to them], “Sit with those who sit [at home, not going to the battle].”   

47. Had they [i.e., the hypocrites] marched out with you [to the battle], they would have caused disorder and sedition among you, while there are some among you who are ready to listen to them. And Allah knows wrong-doers.   

48. Those hypocrites had planned for sedition before and had frequently thought of hurting you, [O Muhammad], until the truth appeared clearly, and Allah’s Decree was in effect against their will.  

49. And some of those [hypocrites] say [to Prophet Muhammad], “Allow me [not go to war] lest I should be tempted [by Roman women].” But, in fact, they have already failed the test [by refusing to go to war]. Verily, Hell surrounds disbelievers.  

50. If something good befalls you, [O Muhammad], it would grieve them [i.e., hypocrites]. And if a disaster hits you, they say, "We have taken our precautions in advance." And they turn away merrily.   

51. Say, [O Muhammad], "Nothing can happen to us except what Allah has decreed for us. He is our Protector. And in Allah believers must put their trust."   

52. Say, [O Muhammad, to hypocrites],  "Do you wait for us but either of the two best things [i.e., martyrdom or victory], while we wait for you that Allah will punish you either from Himself or at our hands? So wait, and we too are waiting with you."  

53. Say, [O Muhammad, to hypocrites],  "Spend willingly or unwillingly, and Allah will not accept it from you, for you are disobedient [to Him]."   

54. The reason why their charity was not accepted from them is that they disbelieve in Allah and His Messenger [Muhammad], they do not perform prayer except lazily, and they do not spend except unwillingly.   

55. So do not admire their [i.e., hypocrites'] wealth or children, for Allah wills to punish them with it in this worldly life and to let them die in their disbelief.   

56. And they [i.e., hypocrites] swear by Allah that they are of you [i.e., Muslims], but in fact they are not of you; they are only afraid [of you].   

57. If they found a refuge, caves, or a hiding place, they would run away to it very swiftly.   

58. And some of them criticize you [i.e., Muhammad] concerning alms [distribution]. If they are given of it, they are satisfied. But if they are not given of it, surprisingly, they are enraged.   

59. It would have been better for them if they had been satisfied with what Allah and His Messenger gave them [of alms] and had said, “Allah is Sufficient for us. Allah will give us of His Grace, and so will His Messenger. We ask Allah to enrich us.”   

60. Alms [here zakat] are only for the poor, the needy, zakat collectors, to attract some hearts to Islam, to free captives, to aid those in debt, to aid unpaid fighters, and for penniless wayfarers. This is an ordainment from Allah, and Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.  

61. And some of them [i.e., hypocrites] hurt the Prophet [i.e., Muhammad] and say, "He believes whatever is said to him." Say, "He listens to what is best for you, believes in Allah, has trust in believers, and is a mercy to those of you who believe."  And those who hurt Allah's Messenger will have a painful punishment.   

62. They [i.e., hypocrites] swear to you by Allah so as to please you [i.e., Muslims], while it is more rightful for them to please Allah and His Messenger, if they are believers.   

63. Did they not know that whoever stands against Allah and His Messenger will abide in the Fire of Hell forever? That is the great disgrace.   

64. Hypocrites fear that a chapter [of The Quran] should be revealed exposing what is in their hearts. Say, [O Muhammad],  "Mock [as you wish to mock]. Verily, Allah will expose what you conceal."   

65. And if you ask them [about what they said against Islam and Muslims], they say,  "We were only chatting and joking." Say [to them], “Were you mocking at Allah, His Verses, and His Messenger?”   

66. Do not make excuses, for you disbelieved after your belief. If We forgive some of you, We will punish some, for they are criminals, indeed.   

67. Hypocrites, whether males or females, are one from another. They enjoin evil, forbid good, and do not spend [in charity]. They have forgotten Allah, and He has ignored them. Verily, hypocrites are rebellious [against Allah].  

68. Allah has promised male and female hypocrites and disbelievers the Fire of Hell, where they are to dwell forever. It is sufficient for them, and Allah has cursed them, and they will have a permanent torture. 

69. [O hypocrites! You are] like those before, who were even more than you in power, wealth, and children. They enjoyed their way of life, and you enjoyed yours as those before you did, and you mocked [at Allah and His Messenger] as they did. Such people’s deeds are in vain in this life and in the Hereafter. And they are the losers.

70. Are these hypocrites not informed of what happened to Noah’s people, Ad, Thamud, Abraham’s people, dwellers of Madyan, and Lot’s people? Messengers came to them with Clear Signs [, but they denied them and thus were destroyed]. Allah did not wrong them, but they did wrong themselves.   

71. And believers, whether men or women, are helpers of one another. They command doing good, forbid doing evil, perform prayer, pay zakat, and obey Allah and His Messenger. On them Allah will have His Mercy. Verily, Allah is All-Exalted, All-Wise.   

72. Allah has promised male believers and female believers Gardens under which rivers flow, where they will live forever, and beautiful dwelling places in the Gardens of Eden. And there is also a greater reward, namely, the Good Pleasure of Allah. That is the great success.   

73. O Prophet [Muhammad]!Strive hard against disbelievers and hypocrites, and be harsh to them. And their abode will be Hell; and what a bad abode it is!  

74. They [i.e., hypocrites] swear by Allah that they did not say [anything against Islam and Muslims]. But they said the word of disbelief, they disbelieved after their Islam, and they intended to do what they could not do [i.e., killing Prophet Muhammad]. And they [i.e., hypocrites] had no reason for such plotting except that Allah and His Messenger had enriched Muslims of His Bounty. If they repent, that will be better for them. But if they turn away, Allah will punish them severely in this life and the Hereafter. And they have on earth no protector or supporter.   

75. And some of them [i.e., hypocrites] made a covenant with Allah saying, "If He enriches us of His Bounty, we will spend in charity and will be among the righteous."   

76. When He gave them of His Bounty, they became misers and turned away [refusing to spend in charity or zakat].   

77. So He placed hypocrisy in their hearts until the day when they meet Him [i.e., the Day of Judgment] for their breaking their covenant with Allah and for the lies which they used to tell.   78. Did they not know that Allah knows their secret and their [evil] whisper and that Allah is the All-Knower of the Unseen?  

79. Those hypocrites defame volunteers of believers who give generously in charity and those who grant a little, for they have only a little. They mock at them [i.e., believers]. Allah mocks at them [i.e., hypocrites], and they will have a painful punishment.   

80. Whether you [i.e., Muhammad] ask Allah to forgive them [i.e., those hypocrites] or you do not ask, and even if you ask seventy times, Allah will not forgive them. That is because they disbelieved in Allah and His Messenger. And Allah does not guide the disobedient.   

81. Those [hypocrites] were pleased at staying [at home] and refused to go with Allah's Messenger [for the Battle of Tabouk], and hated to strive with their wealth and their lives in Allah's Way. They said [to one another], "Do not march out in the heat." Say [to them], "The Fire of Hell is very much hotter," if only they could understand.   

82. Let them [i.e., hypocrites] laugh a little [now in this life], for they will cry much for what they used to earn.   

83. If Allah brings you back [safe from the Battle of Tabouk] and a party of those hypocrites ask your permission to go out [to another battle], say [to them], "You will never go out with me, and you will never fight an enemy with me. You were pleased to sit [at home] on the first time, so sit [this time] with those who sit."   

84. And, [O Muhammad], do not ever pray [the funeral prayer] for any of them [i.e., hypocrites] who dies, and nor stand at his grave. They certainly disbelieved in Allah and His Messenger and died in disobedience [to Allah].    

85. And do not admire their wealth or their children, for Allah wills to punish them with these things in this life and to let them die in disbelief.  

86. And if a chapter [from The Quran] is revealed enjoining believing in Allah and striving with His Messenger, the wealthy among those hypocrites ask your permission [not to go to war] saying, “Leave us here sitting with those who sit.”    

87.  They [i.e., those hypocrites] are pleased to stay behind [at home] with women. And their hearts are sealed up, so that they do not understand.   88. But the Messenger [Muhammad] and those who believed with him strove hard with their wealth and their lives. Those are the ones in Paradise, and those are the ones who are successful.  

89. Allah has prepared for them Gardens under which rivers flow dwelling there eternally. That is the great success.   

90. And some Bedouins came [to the Messenger] making excuses, asking to be exempted from going to battle. And those who lied to Allah and His Messenger sat behind [at home]. Those of them who disbelieved will be afflicted with a painful punishment.   

91. There is no blame [for not going to the battle] on those who are weak or ill or too poor to spend provided that they are sincere to Allah and His Messenger. There is nothing against such good-doers. And Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.   

92. Nor is there a blame on those who came to you [i.e., Muhammad] asking to be provided with a mount [to carry them to the battlefield], and you said, "I do not find a mount for you." So they turned back with their eyes filled with tears in grief for not having what to spend [for the sake of Allah].  

93. But the blame is on those who ask your permission [for not going to the battle] although they are rich. They are pleased to sit behind with women, and Allah has sealed up their hearts, and thus they do not know [the consequences of their behavior].   

94. They [i.e., hypocrites] will offer their excuses to you [i.e., Muslims, for not going to the battle] when you come back. Say, [Muhammad], "Do not give any excuses. We will never believe you. Allah has told us the truth about you. Allah and His Messenger will see your deeds [in this life], and then you will be returned to the All-Knower of the Unseen and the Seen, Who will inform you of what you used to do."   

95. They [i.e., hypocrites] will swear by Allah to you [i.e., Muslims] when you come back to them [from the battle] so that you may not blame them. So turn away from them [in despise]. Surely, they are impure, and their abode will be Hell, a recompense for what they used to earn.   

96. They swear [by Allah] to you [i.e., Muslims] so that you may be pleased with them. If you do so, Allah surely will not be pleased with such rebellious people.  

97. Bedouins are the worst in disbelief and hypocrisy and the least in knowing the limits of what Allah has revealed to His Messenger. And Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.  

98. And some Bedouins consider what they spend [in Allah's Way] as a loss and wait for disasters to afflict you [i.e., Muslims]. On them may be the disaster of evil. And Allah is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.   

99. And some Bedouins believe in Allah and the Last Day and consider what they spend as a means of nearness to Allah and the Messenger's invocations. It is really a credit for them, and Allah will admit them to His Mercy. Verily, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most-Merciful.   

100. As for those who were the foremost to embrace Islam of immigrants [from Makkah to Al-Madeenah], supporters [at Al-Madeenah], and those who followed them properly, Allah is pleased with them, and they are pleased with Him. And He has prepared for them Gardens under which rivers flow, where they will dwell forever [i.e., Paradise]. That is the great success.   

101. And among the Bedouins around you and among the people of Al-Madeenah as well, there are some who are hypocrites persisting in hypocrisy. You [i.e., Muhammad] do not know them, but We know them. We will torture them twice [i.e., in this life and in the grave], and then they will be returned to a great punishment [i.e., in Hell].   

102. And [there are] others who confessed their sins; they mixed good deeds with evil deeds. Allah may forgive them. Surely, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.   

103. Take alms from their wealth so as to purify and sanctify them with it, and invoke Allah for them. Your invocations, [O Muhammad], make them feel secure. And Allah is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.   

104. Did they not know that Allah accepts repentance and charity [from believers] and that Allah is the One Who accepts repentance, the Most Merciful?   

105. And Say, [O Muhammad], “Do deeds. Allah, His Messenger, and believers will see your deeds, and you will be returned to the All-Knower of the Unseen and the Seen. And He will inform you of what you used to do.”   

106. And [there are] others delayed for Allah’s Decree. He either punishes them or forgives them. And Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.   

107. And as for those who established a mosque out of harm and disbelief and to disunify believers and as an observation point used by the enemies of Allah and His Messenger, they swear that they intend nothing but well. And Allah bears witness that they are liars.  

108. [O Muhammad!] Never perform prayer at it [i.e., that mosque]. A mosque founded on piety since its first day is more worthy to be prayed at. In it there are men who like to purify themselves [physically and spiritually], and Allah loves those who are pure.   

109. Is the one who has based his life on obedience to Allah better or the one who has based his life at the edge of a weak hill [i.e., on hypocrisy] and thus it will collapse with him into the Fire of Hell? And Allah does not guide wrong-doers.   

110. The building which they have built [i.e., a mosque built by hypocrites] remains a source of doubt and hypocrisy in their hearts until they die. And Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.   

111. Verily, Allah has  purchased from believers their lives  and their properties that Paradise  will be theirs. They fight in Allah's  Cause, kill, and get killed. It is a  true promise binding on Him in The  Torah, The Gospel, and The Quran.  And who is truer to his covenant  than Allah? So rejoice at your deal which you have made. And that is  the great success.  

112. [Those believers are] those who repent [from sins], who worship [Allah], who praise [Him], who fast, who bow down [in prayer], who prostrate themselves [in prayer], who enjoin good, who forbid evil, and who observe the limits set by Allah. And bear to believers the glad news [of Paradise].   

113. It is not for the Prophet [i.e., Muhammad] and believers to ask Allah to forgive polytheists, even though they are relatives, after it is made clear to them [i.e., believers] that they [i.e., polytheists] will be dwellers in Hell.   

114. As for Abraham’s invoking Allah to forgive his father, that was because Abraham promised his father to do so. But when it was clear to him that his father is an enemy of Allah, he turned away from him. Truly, Abraham was a frequent invoker and a forbearing man.  

115. And Allah will never lead a people astray after He has guided them until He makes clear to them what they are to avoid. Verily, Allah is the All-Knower of everything.   

116. Indeed, Allah has the dominion of the heavens and the earth. He gives life and causes death. And besides Him you have no protector or helper.   

117. Allah has forgiven the Prophet [i.e., Muhammad], emigrants, and supporters who followed him in the time of distress [i.e., the hot summer days of the Tabouk Expedition] after the hearts of some were about to doubt [Islam], but then Allah forgave them. Verily, Allah is Most Kind, Most Merciful.   

118. And [Allah also forgave] the three who sat behind [the Tabouk Expedition]. They felt very embarrassed [for not joining the battle] and their life became so miserable, and they knew that there is no escape from Allah but to Allah [by repenting and telling the truth]. Then Allah forgave them to make them return to Him. Verily, He is the One Who accepts repentance, the Most Merciful.   

119. O you believe! Fear Allah, and be among those who are truthful.  

120. The people of Al-Madeena and the Bedouins around them were not supposed to lag behind Allah's Messenger [i.e., Muhammad, when he went on the Tabouk Expedition] and not to share with him the hardships through which he went. That is because they suffer neither thirst nor tiredness nor hunger in Allah's Cause, nor do they take any position that hurts disbelievers, nor do they inflict an injury on their enemy, but is recorded for them as a good deed. Verily, Allah does not waste the reward of good-doers.   

121. Nor do they spend, a little or a lot [in Allah's Way], nor do they cross a valley, but is recorded for them [i.e., to their credit], and Allah will reward them for the best of what they used to do.   

122. The believers were not supposed to go to war all together. Only a group of every party should go [and another should stay behind] to learn more of religion [when new revelations come to the Messenger] and [then] teach their companions when they come back [from war] so that they may beware [of disobedience].   

123. O you who believe! Fight those disbelievers who are close to you [first], and they should find harshness in you. And know that Allah is with the pious.   

124. When a chapter [of The Quran] is sent down [to the Messenger Muhammad], some of them [i.e., hypocrites] say [to each other in mockery], "Which of you has increased in faith through this chapter?" As for those who believe, it [i.e., the chapter] has increased their faith, and they are delighted.   

125. But as for those with sick hearts [i.e., hypocrites], it [i.e., the chapter] added doubt to their doubt, and they died in disbelief.   

126. Do they [i.e., hypocrites] not see that they are tested once or twice every year? Yet, they do not repent, nor do they look ahead.   

127. And whenever a chapter [of The Quran] comes down, they [i.e., hypocrites] look at one another [saying], "Does anyone see you?" Then they turn away. Allah has turned away their hearts, for they do not care to understand.  

128. There has come to you a Messenger [i.e., Muhammad] from among yourselves. It worries him to see you in trouble. He does care for your guidance, and he is very kind and very merciful to believers.   

129. But if they turn away, then Say, [O Muhammad], “Allah is Sufficient for me. There is no god but Allah. In Him I put my trust, and He is the Lord of the Great Throne.”  

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

1. Alif–Lam–Ra. [These Arabic letters symbolize the Arabic letters of which the Quranic text is composed.] These are the Verses of the wise Book [i.e. The Quran].  

2. Is it unacceptable and strange to people that We have revealed to a man from among themselves [i.e., Muhammad] to warn people [against sinning] and to bear good news that they will be rewarded by their Lord for their good deeds? [Yet,] disbelievers said, “This [man] is indeed a manifest magician.”  

3. Certainly, your Lord is Allah, Who created the heavens and the earth in six days, and then He rose over the Throne, disposing all matters. No one can intercede except after His Permission. That is Allah, your Lord. So worship Him [alone]. Do you not remember [these facts]?  

4. To Him you all [people] will return. This is the true promise of Allah. He begins creation and then He will repeat it [through Resurrection] so as to justly reward those who believed and did good deeds. But those who disbelieved will have a boiling drink and a painful torture for their disbelief.   

5. It is He Who made the sun a shining source and the moon a source of light. He made it [i.e., the moon] appear in stages that you may reckon time [i.e., days, months, years]. Allah did not create that except wisely and for a reason. He explains His Signs in detail to people who know.  

6. Surely, the alternation of the night and the day and what Allah has created in the heavens and the earth are Signs [i.e., indicators of Allah's existence] to people who fear [Allah].   

7. As for those who do not hope to meet Us [on the Resurrection Day] and are pleased and satisfied with this worldly life and those who are unaware of Our Signs,    

8. They will certainly have Fire as their abode for what they used to earn [of sins].   

9. Surely, those who believe and do good deeds will be guided by their Lord [to the Straight Path on the Day of Judgment leading to Paradise] because of their faith. Under them rivers will flow in the Gardens of Delight [i.e., Paradise].   

10. Their way of request [for food at Paradise] is “Glory be to You, O Allah”. And their greeting [to angels bringing food] is “peace”. And at the end [after eating], they say, “Praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the worlds.”  

11. If Allah had hastened evil invoked by people [against themselves or their children in anger] as He does with the good [invoked by them], they would have been destroyed. So We leave those who do not expect meeting Us [on Resurrection] wandering blindly in their rebellion [and disobedience].    

12. And if man is touched by harm, he invokes Us lying on his side, sitting, or standing. But when We remove the harm away from him, he turns away as if he has not invoked Us for a harm that touched him. Thus it is made fair-seeming to transgressors what they used to do.     

13. And We destroyed generations before you when they transgressed. And their Messengers came to them with Clear Signs [from Allah], but they did not believe. Such is Our recompense to those who are criminals [i.e., transgressors and disbelievers].       

14. Then We made you successors after those [generations] so as to see how you will behave.  

15. And when Our Clear Verses are recited to them, those who do not expect to meet Us [i.e., disbelievers] say [to Muhammad], “Bring us a Quran other than this or change it.” Say [to them], “It is not for me to change it on my own. I only follow what is revealed to me. If I disobey my Lord, I fear the punishment of a Great Day [i.e., the Day of Judgment].” 

16. Say, [O Muhammad]. “Had Allah willed, I would not have recited it to you, nor would He have made it known to you. I have stayed among you for a lifetime before it [i.e., without me reciting anything]. Do you not understand?”   

17. So who is more unjust than one who invents lies against Allah or denies His Signs? Criminals will never succeed.    

18. And they [i.e., polytheists] worship besides Allah what cannot harm or benefit them [like idols], and they say, “These are our intercessors with Allah.” Say, [O Muhammad], “Do you tell Allah about what does not exist in the heavens nor in the earth?” Glory be to Him, and He is Exalted above whatever associates they take [with Him].    

19. And people were only one nation [i.e., all on the same religion of Islam from Adam's time to Noah's], and then they divided [into different religions]. Had it not been for a Word already decreed by your Lord, what they differ about would have been settled among them.  

20. And they [i.e., disbelievers] say, “We wish that an [unusual] sign had been sent down on him [i.e., Muhammad] from his Lord.”    Say, “All the Unseen belongs to Allah. So wait [for what Allah will do], and I am waiting with those who wait [too].” 

21. And when We grant people mercy after being touched by a harm, they mock at Our Signs. Say, [O Muhammad, to them], "Allah is faster in planning. Our Messengers [i.e., angels] do record what you plot."  

22. It is He Who enables you to travel in land and sea. When you are in ships sailing with a good wind, with you so pleased, a stormy wind blows and waves come from everywhere, and they think that they are about to be destroyed. Then they invoke Allah very sincerely [saying], "If You save us from this [disaster], we shall certainly be among those who are thankful [to Allah]."   

23. When He saves them, they transgress in the earth with no justice. O people! Your transgression is against yourselves. Your enjoyment is only in this worldly life [i.e., tentative], and then to Us is your return, when We inform you of what you used to do.   

24. This worldly life is only like the water which We send down from the sky, which causes the growth of the plants of the earth, of which people and cattle eat. When the earth is quite ornamented and beautified [with green plants and flowers] and its people think that it is completely under their disposal, Our Command comes to it by night or day [like a storm or severe cold], and We make it dry and dead as if it had not flourished yesterday. Thus We explain Our Signs to people who contemplate.     

25. And Allah calls [people] to the Abode of Peace [i.e., Paradise], and He guides whoever wills [to be guided] to the Straight Path [i.e., Islam].  

26. For those who did good deeds [in this life] is the best reward [i.e., Paradise in the Hereafter] and even more [i.e., seeing Allah's Countenance]. And no dust or humiliation will afflict their faces [there]. Those are the dwellers of Paradise, where they abide forever.  

27. But as for those who earned evil deeds, each evil deed will be recompensed with the like, and their faces will be covered with disgrace. No one can defend them from Allah. Their faces will be covered, as it were, with dark pieces of night. Those are the dwellers of the Fire, abiding there forever. 

28. And on a Day [i.e., of Resurrection] We shall gather them all together [i.e., all mankind], and then We shall say to polytheists, "Stay where you are, you and your partners [whom you worshipped with Allah]." Then We shall separate them [i.e., polytheists and partners]. And their partners will say, "You did not worship us."  

29. "Allah is Sufficient as a witness between us and you. We were indeed unaware of your worship of us."  

30. There every person will know what he earned before, and all will be returned to Allah, there Rightful Lord, and all false partners will abandon them.  

31. Say, [O Muhammad, to disbelievers and polytheists], “Who provides you from the sky and the earth? And who grants you hearing and sight? And who brings out what is living from what is dead and what is dead from what is living? And who controls all matters?” They will say, “Allah.” Say, “Why then do you not fear Him?” 

32. That is Allah, your Rightful Lord. What else is there beyond the truth but error? How then do you turn away [from Allah]? 

33. Thus the Word of your Lord [i.e., punishment] is justified against those who rebelled, for they do not believe [in Allah]. 

34. Say, [O Muhammad, to polytheists], “Is there anyone of your partners who started creation and will repeat it [on Resurrection]?” Say, “Allah did and will do so. So how do you turn away [from Allah]?” 

35. Say, “Is there anyone of your partners who guides to the truth?” Say, “Allah guides to the truth. So who is more worthy to be followed: the One Who guides to the truth or one who does not guide unless guided? What is wrong with you? How do you judge? ” 

36. And most of them [i.e., polytheists] do not follow but conjecture, which certainly can avail nothing against the truth. Verily, Allah knows what they do. 

37. And this Quran cannot be but from Allah. It is a confirmation of the previous revealed books [i.e., the Torah and The Gospel], and it is a complete explanation of what is decreed by Allah. It is, no doubt, from the Lord of the worlds. 

38. Or do they [i.e., disbelievers] say, “He [i.e., Muhammad] has fabricated it.”? Say [to them], “Bring then one chapter of the like, and call upon whomever you choose [for help] besides Allah, if you are truthful.” 

39. They, in fact, belied what they could not understand and what has not yet been fulfilled. As such those before them did belie. See how the end of wrong-doers was. 

40. And some of them [i.e., people] believe in it [i.e., The Quran], and some do not. And your Lord is the All-knower of evil-doers. 

41. And if they belie you, [O Muhammad], say, “For me are my deeds, and for you are your deeds. You are innocent of what I do, and I am innocent of what you do.” 

42. And some of them [i.e., disbelievers] listen to you, but can you make the deaf hear even though they do not understand? 

43. And some of them [i.e., disbelievers] look at you [seeing your Prophethood], but can you guide the blind even though they do not see? 

44. Verily, Allah does not wrong people, but people do wrong themselves.

45. And when He gathers them [on the Day of Resurrection], they will feel that their stay [in the worldly life] was not but an hour of the day, and they will recognize one another. Those who denied the Meeting with Allah [i.e., The Day of Resurrection] will be the losers, for they were not guided.

46. And We either show you, [O Muhammad], some of the punishment which We have promised them or cause you to die and to Us is their return, and Allah is the Witness over what they do.

47. And for every community there is a Messenger. When their Messenger comes [on the Day of Judgment], they will be judged with justice, and they will not be wronged.

48. And they [i.e., disbelievers] say, “When will this promise [of torture] be, if you are truthful?”

49. Say, [O Muhammad], “I have no power over what harms or benefits me except what Allah wills. Every nation has an appointed term [of living]. When their term comes, they cannot delay it or advance it for even one hour.”

50. Say, [O Muhammad], “If His torment comes by night or by day, what of it will criminals hasten to have?”

51. “And when the torment befalls you, are you going then to believe, while you used to hasten such torment before?”

52. Then it will be said to those who wronged themselves, “Taste the torment forever. Are you punished except for what you used to earn [of sins]?”

53. And they ask you, [O Muhammad], “Is Resurrection true?” Say, “Yes, by my Lord. Verily, it is true. And it is easy for Allah [to resurrect you]. ”

54. And if every person who wronged himself [by denying Allah] had had all that is on the earth [of wealth], he would have wished to ransom himself with it. And they will conceal regret [in their hearts] when they see the torment. And they will be judged with justice, and they will not be wronged.

55. Truly, to Allah belongs all that is in the heavens and the earth. And Allah’s Promise is certainly true, but most of them do not know.

56. It is He Who gives life and causes death. And to Him you will be returned.

57. O people! There has come to you [through The Quran] a good advice from your Lord, a healing of your hearts, a guidance, and a mercy for believers.

58. Say, [O Muhammad], “At the Grace of Allah and His Mercy they should rejoice.” That is better than what they collect [of wealth and property].

59. Say [to disbelievers], “Why have you made lawful and unlawful [according to your desires] the provision which Allah has sent down to you?” Say [to them], “Has Allah allowed you to do that or do you only invent lies against Allah?”

60. And what do those who invent lies against Allah think [of their punishment] on the Day of Resurrection? Verily, Allah is of Great Grace to people [for disallowing only what is harmful], but most of them do not thank [Allah].

61. Neither you, [O Muhammad], do any deed or recite any part of The Quran nor you [i.e., mankind] do any deed but We are the Witness of it while you are doing it. And nothing can escape the  notice of your Lord, not even an atom’s weight or less or more; all is in a Clear Record.

62. Truly, believers in Allah have nothing to fear [on the Day of Judgment], nor should they grieve.

63. As for those who believed [in Allah] and who used to obey [Him],

64. They have the good news in this life and the Hereafter [i.e., Paradise]. There is no change of Allah’s Words [i.e., Promises]. That is the great success.

65. Their speech [i.e., of disbelievers] should not grieve you, [O Muhammad], for all honor and power do belong to Allah. He is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.

66. Verily, all who are in the heavens and the earth belong to Allah. And those who invoke others besides Allah do not follow partners; they follow only conjecture, and they do nothing but invent lies [against Allah].

67. It is He Who made the night for you to rest in and the day [for you] to see in. In that there are certainly Signs for people who listen.

68. They [i.e., Jews and Christians] said, “Allah has begotten a son.” Glory be to Him. He is Rich; to Him belongs all that is in the heavens and the earth. You have no evidence for what you say. Do you say against Allah what you do not know?

69. Say, [O Muhammad], “Those who fabricate lies against Allah will never succeed.”

70. [They will have a brief] enjoyment in this world, then to Us they will return, and then We make them taste the severe punishment for what they used to disbelieve [i.e., in Allah and Messengers].

71. And, [O Muhammad], recite to them [i.e., disbelievers] Noah’s story, when he said to his people, “O my people! If you do not like my stay [among you] and my reminding you of Allah’s Signs, then I put my trust in Allah. So gather yourselves and your partners, then do not hesitate, decide what to do to me, and do not give me a respite.”

72. "If you turn away [from my Message], then I do not ask a reward from you. My reward is only from Allah, and I was commanded [by Allah] to be among those who submit to Him."  

73. They belied him [i.e., Noah], and We saved him and those with him in the ship and made them successors [on the earth]. And We drowned those who denied Our Signs. So see what was the end of those who were warned.  

74. Then after him [i.e., Noah], We sent Messengers to their people. They brought them clear proofs [of the existence of Allah], but they would not believe in what they had denied before. Thus We seal the hearts of transgressors. 

75. Then after them [i.e., those Messengers], We sent Moses and Aaron to Pharaoh and his people with Our Signs, but they were arrogant and a criminal people [i.e., disobedient disbelievers]. 

76. When the truth came to them from Us, they said, “This is clear magic, indeed.” 

77. Moses said, “Do you call the truth, when it has come to you, magic? But magicians can never succeed. ” 

78. They said, “Have you come to us in order to turn us away from what we found our fathers following and in order that you both [i.e., Moses and his brother, Aaron] may have dominance in the land? We are not going to believe you.”  

79. And Pharaoh said, “Bring me every skilled magician.”  

80. When the magicians came, Moses said to them, “Cast what you intend to cast.”  

81. “When they cast, Moses said, “What you have done is nothing but magic, and Allah will indeed make it with no effect. Verily, Allah will not bless the evil-doers’ work.”  

82. And Allah supports the truth by His Words, even though disbelievers would hate this. 

83. But none believed in Moses except a few of Pharaoh’s people for fear of Pharaoh and their chiefs lest he should persecute them. And Pharaoh was indeed a tyrant on the earth and a transgressor.

84. And Moses said, "O my people! If you have believed in Allah, then place your trust in Him, if you [really] submit to Him."   

85. They said, "In Allah we have placed our trust. O our Lord! Do not let wrong-doers be victors over us."  

86. "And save us by Your Mercy form disbelievers."  

87. And We revealed to Moses and his brother, "Have dwellings in Egypt for your people, let them take the dwellings as worship places, let them perform prayer, and bear the glad news to believers."  

88. And Moses said, "O our Lord! You have given Pharaoh and his people splendor and wealth in this worldly life, but, our Lord, they lead many astray. Our Lord! Destroy their wealth and seal their hearts, for they do not believe until they see the painful punishment." 

89. Allah said, "The invocation of you both has been accepted, so you both hold to the Straight Path, and do not follow the way of those who do not know."  

90. And We helped the children of Israel cross the sea, and Pharaoh and his army followed them out of oppression and enmity. When he [i.e., Pharaoh] was about to drown, he said, "I have believed that there is no god but Him in Whom the children of Israel believe, and I am one of those who submit to Allah."  

91. Now [you believe], while you have rebelled before and you were one of evil-doers.  

92. So this day We save your dead body [from drowning] only so that you may be a sign [i.e., a lesson] to those after you. Verily, many people are unaware of Our Signs.  

93. And We made the children of Israel settle in an honorable place [after Pharaoh's death], and We provided them with good things. And they did not differ until knowledge came to them. Your Lord will judge among them on the Day of Resurrection, in what they used to differ about.  

94. If you, [O Muhammad], are in doubt of what We have revealed to you [i.e., that your name appears in The Torah and The Gospel], then ask those who read the Scripture [i.e., The Torah and The Gospel] before you. The truth has come to you from your Lord, so do not be one of those who doubt.  

95. And do not be one of those who deny Allah’s Signs, lest you should be one of the losers.  

96. Verily, those against whom Allah’s Word [i.e., anger] has been justified do not believe,  

97. Even if all Signs come to them, until they see the painful torment.  

98. Was there any town that believed [after seeing punishment] and its faith saved it? [There was none] except Jonah's people. When they believed, We removed away from them the torment of disgrace in this worldly life, and We let them enjoy themselves for a while.  

99. Had your Lord willed, all the people of the earth would have believed. So will you, [O Muhammad], force people to believe?

100. No person can believe except with Allah’s Permission.  And He places His wrath on those who do not understand [His Verses].  

101. Say, “Look at what is in the heavens and the earth.” But Signs and warners do not benefit those who do not believe [because of their arrogance].  

102. Do they [i.e., disbelievers] wait except for days [of punishment] like the days of people before them? Say, [O Muhammad], “You wait. I am certainly waiting with you too.”    

103. Then [eventually] We save Our Messengers and those who believe. It is a promise and a commitment that We will save believers.  

104. Say, [O Muhammad], “O people! If you are in doubt of my religion [i.e., Islam], I do not worship what you worship besides Allah. But I worship Allah, Who causes you to die. And I have been commanded to be one of the believers.”   

105. And it is revealed to me, “Submit completely to the true religion [of Islam], and do not be one among polytheists.”   

106. “And do not invoke besides Allah what cannot benefit nor harm you. If you do so, you are then one of wrong-doers.” 

107. And if Allah touches you with any harm, no one can remove it except Him. And if He intends any good for you, no one can prevent His Bounty, which He grants to whomever He wills. And He is the Oft-Forgiving, the Most Merciful.  

108. Say, [O Muhammad], “O mankind! The truth has come to you from your Lord. Whoever accepts guidance, he does so for himself. And whoever rejects guidance, he does so against himself. And I cannot choose for you or on your behalf.”   

109. And, [O Muhammad], follow what is revealed to you, and be patient until Allah gives His judgment. And He is the Best of judges. 

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

1. Alif–Lam–Ra. [These Arabic letters symbolize the Arabic letters of which the Quranic text is composed.] This is a Book, the Verses of which are perfected and detailed from Allah, Who is All-Wise, Well-Acquainted .

2. Do not worship anyone but Allah. I [i.e., Muhammad] am a warner of Him [if you disobey Him] and a bearer of glad news [if you obey Him].  

3. You [i.e., people] are commanded to ask Allah to forgive you and to turn to Him. [If you do so,] He will grant you a good enjoyment [in this life] until an appointed term [i.e., death], and He will grant of His Grace anyone with grace [i.e., in the Hereafter]. But if you [i.e., people] turn away, I fear for you the punishment of a Great Day [i.e., the Day of Resurrection].  

4. To Allah is your return, and He is Able to do everything.  

5. They [i.e., disbelievers] think that they can hide themselves from Allah. Even when they cover their heads with their garments, Allah knows what they conceal and what they reveal. Verily, He is the All-Knower of what hearts conceal.   

6. And there is no living animal on the earth but it receives its due provision from Allah. And He knows where it dwells and where it will be buried. All that is in a Clear Record [with Allah].  

7. And it is He Who has created the heavens and the earth in six days, and His Throne was on water [before that], so as to test you concerning the quality of your deeds. And if you [i.e., Muhammad] tell them [i.e., disbelievers] that they will be resurrected after death, they will say that this is nothing but clear magic.   

8. And if We delay their punishment until an appointed time, they will surely say, "Why is it delayed?" But it will come, for sure; it will not be turned away from them, and they will suffer for what they used to mock at.  

9. And if We grant man a taste of Our Mercy and then We deprive him of it, he becomes desperate and ungrateful.  

10. And if We grant him a favor after an evil which has touched him, he will surely say, "All evils have gone away from me." He does become so rejoiced and so boastful,    

11. Except those who are patient and do good deeds. Those will have forgiveness and a great reward [from Allah].   

12. Do not ever, [O Muhammad], think of giving up some of what has been revealed to you, nor feel straitened when they [disbelievers] say, "Why has a treasure not been sent down to him? Or why has an angel not come with him?" You are only a warner, and Allah is the Disposer over all things.  

13. Or they [i.e., disbelievers] say, "He has invented it [i.e., The Quran]." Say, "Bring ten invented chapters of the like, and call whomever you can [to help you] besides Allah, if you are truthful."  

14. If they do not answer you, then know that it [i.e., The Quran] is revealed to you with Allah's Knowledge and that there is no god but Him. Will you then become Muslims?  

15. Those who desire this life and its luxury, We shall reward them for their deeds in it, and they will be paid in full.  

16. But those will have in the Hereafter nothing but the Fire. Their deeds are vain, and what they used to do is false and useless.  

17. Can one who accepts The Quran  from his Lord, recited by a witness [Gabriel, the angel] from Him, and Moses' Scripture sent before as an example and mercy, [be like others who disbelieve]? Those believe in it [i.e., The Quran]. And whoever [of all people] disbelieves in it, his promised dwelling-place will be the Fire. So never be in doubt of it, for it is the truth from you Lord. But most people do not believe.     

18. And who is more wrong than one who invents lies against Allah? Those will be brought before their Lord, and witnesses will say, “These are the ones who lied against their Lord.” The curse of Allah is on wrong-doers,  

19. Who hinder [people] from the Way of Allah and who prefer vices [to virtues] and who disbelieve in the Hereafter.  

20. Those cannot escape [Allah’s punishment] on the earth, nor do they have protectors besides Allah. Their punishment [on the Day of Judgment] will be doubled, for they did not hear the truth, nor did they follow it.   

21. Those are the ones who have lost themselves, and their false partners have abandoned them.   

22. Certainly, in the Hereafter they will be the greatest losers.

23. Verily, those who believe and do good deeds and submit to their Lord will be the dwellers of Paradise, where they will abide forever.  

24. The two parties [i.e., disbelievers and believers] are like one who is blind and deaf and one who can see and hear. Are they equal? Do you not remember?  

25. And we sent Noah to his people [saying], “I am a plain warner to you.”  

26. “Do not worship anyone but Allah. I fear for you the torment of a painful day [i.e., the Day of Resurrection].”  

27. The disbelieving chiefs among his people said, “We see you but a man like us, and we see that you are followed only by the lowest among us, who followed you without thinking. And we do not see in you any advantage over us. In fact, we think that you are a liar.”  

28. He [i.e., Noah] said, “O my people! If I have a clear proof from my Lord and He has granted me from Him a Mercy hidden from you, shall we force you to accept it when you hate it?"  

29. "O my people! I do not ask you to pay me for it [i.e., my advice]; my reward is only from Allah. And I am not going to drive away those who have believed; they are indeed going to meet their Lord. But I see you as an ignorant people."  

30. "O my people! Who will support me against Allah if I drive them away? Do you not remember?"  

31. "I do not say to you that I have the Treasures of Allah, nor that I know the Unseen, nor do I say that I am an angel. And nor do I say to those whom your eyes disdain that Allah will not give them any good. Allah knows what is in their hearts. Otherwise, I would be one of the wrong-doers."  

32. They said, "O Noah! You have disputed with us too much. Bring us what you have promised us [of punishment], if you are of the truthful."  

33. He said, "It is Allah, Who brings the punishment to you if He wills, and you cannot escape it." 

34. "And my advice will not benefit you even if it is very sincere, if Allah wills otherwise. He is your Lord, and to Him you will be returned."  

35. Or do they say, "He [i.e., Muhammad] has forged it [i.e., The Quran]?" Say, "If I have done so, I am then accountable for my crimes, and I am innocent of the crimes that you commit."   

36. And it was revealed to Noah that none of his people would believe except those who had already believed. So do not grieve because of what they used to do.   

37. "And make the ship under Our Attention and with Our Revelation, and do not intercede with Me for the wrong-doers; they will surely be drowned."  

38. And he [i.e., Noah] began to construct the ship. Whenever the chiefs of his people passed by him, they used to mock at him. He said "If you mock at us, so do we mock at you."  

39. "And you will know who will be punished with a disgraceful everlasting torment?"

40. When Our Command came and the oven gushed forth [i.e., water from springs on the earth], We said [to Noah], “Put in the ship of each [living] kind two [i.e., male and female] and your family, except those already decreed to be drowned [i.e., his son and his wife], and those who believe, and they were only a few.”

41. And he [i.e., Noah] said, “Get on it. In the Name of Allah, it will move and it will settle. My Lord is indeed Oft-forgiving, Most-Merciful.”

42. And it [i.e., the ship] began to sail with them amid waves like mountains, and Noah called out to his son, who was far and alone, “O my son! Get on with us, and do not be with the disbelievers.”

43. He [i.e., the son] said, “I will seek refuge at a mountain that protects me against water.” Noah said, “Today there is no protector against Allah’s Decree, except him whom He is merciful to.” And the waves came in between them both, and he [i.e., the son] was one of the drowned.

44. And it was said, “O earth! Swallow your water. And O sky! Cease [raining].” And the water [of the flood] began to diminish, and the Decree [of Allah] was fulfilled, and the ship settled on the mountain. And it was said, “Away with the wrong-doers.”

45. And Noah called out his Lord and said, “O my Lord! My son is one of my family, and your Promise is [always] true, and you are the Best of judges.”

46. Allah said, “O Noah! He is not of your family; his deeds are not good. So do not ask Me about what you have no knowledge of. I advise you lest you should be one of the ignorant.”

47. Noah said, “O my Lord! I seek refuge with You from asking You about what I have no knowledge of. And if you do not forgive me and have Mercy on me, I will be one of the losers.”

48. It was said, “O Noah! Get down [of the ship] with peace from Us and blessings on you and those with you. But there will be some whom We let enjoy themselves [for a while], and then a painful torment from Us will touch them.”

49. These are some of the news of the Unseen, which We reveal to you [Muhammad] and which neither you nor your people would know before this [revelation]. So be patient, for the [good] end is for the pious.

50. And to ’Ad [We sent] their brother, Hud. He said, “O my people! Worship Allah; there is no other god but Him. You are only inventing lies [against Him].”

51. “O my people! I do not ask a reward for it from you. My reward is only from Him Who created me. Do you not understand?”

52. “O my people! Ask your Lord to forgive you, and then repent to Him. [If you do so,] He will send you abundant rain and give you more and more strength, so do not turn away in rebellion [against Allah].”

53. They said, “O Hud! You have brought us no proof, and we were not going to abandon our gods merely for what you say, and thus we do not believe in you.”

54. “We do say that some of our gods have touched you with some madness.” He said, “I call Allah to witness and you [also] to witness that I am innocent of whatever you take as partners,”

55. “With Allah. So all of you can make plots against me, and do not give me a respite.”

56. “I have put my trust in my Lord and your Lord. There is no animal living but He has a complete control over it. Verily, my Lord is on the Straight Path.”

57. “If you turn away, I have conveyed to you the Message with which I was sent. And my Lord will make another people succeed you, and you cannot hurt Him in the least. Verily, my Lord is the Guardian over everything.”

58. And when Our Command came, We saved Hud and those who believed with him by a Mercy from Us, and We saved them from a great punishment.

59. And ’Ad [people] denied the Signs of their Lord, and disobeyed His Messengers, and followed every obstinate tyrant.

60. And they were cursed in this life and will be cursed on the Day of Resurrection. ’Ad indeed disbelieved in their Lord. So away with ’Ad, the people of Hud.

61. And to Thamud [people We sent] their brother Salih. He said, “O my people! Worship Allah; there is no god but Him. He created you from the earth and made you settle on it. So ask Him to forgive you, and return to Him. Verily, my Lord is Near [to every one by His Knowledge], Responsive.”

62. They said, “O Salih! You have been of a great mind before this. Do you forbid us to worship what our fathers worship? We are, in fact, in a great doubt about what you call us to.”

63. He said, “O my people! If I am certain of what my Lord has sent me and He has given me of His Mercy [i.e., Prophethood], who will support me against Allah if I disobey Him? [If I do so,] you only increase my loss.”

64. “And O my people! This is a she-camel created by Allah as a Sign to you. Leave her to eat in Allah’s land, and do not touch her with any evil, lest a near torture should seize you.”

65. But they killed her; so he said, “Enjoy yourselves at your homes for three days. This is a promise that cannot be belied.”

66. When Our Command came [into action], We saved Salih and those who believed with him by a Mercy from Us from the disgrace of that day. Verily, your Lord is the All-Strong, the All- Exalted.

67. And the Awful Cry overtook the wrong-doers, so they lay dead at their homes,

68. As if they had never lived there. Thamud actually disbelieved in their Lord. So away with Thamud!

69. And Our Messengers [i.e., angels in the form of men] came to Abraham with the glad news. They said, “Peace [upon you].” And he said, “Peace [upon you].” And soon he brought [them] a roasted calf.

70. When he [i.e., Abraham] saw their hands not going to it [i.e., the meal], he mistrusted them and felt afraid of them. They said, “Do not fear us. We are sent against the people of Lot.”

71. And Abraham’s wife [, Sara,] was standing [there serving the guests]. She laughed [in rejoice of the destruction of Lot’s people,] and then We gave her the glad news of Isaac and of Jacob after Isaac.

72. She said, “Woe to me! How shall I bear a child while I am an old woman and my husband is an old man [too]? This is indeed a strange thing.”

73. They [i.e., the angels] said [to her], “Do you find Allah’s Decree so strange? The Mercy of Allah and His Blessings be on you, the family of Abraham. Verily, He is Praise-Worthy, All-Glorious.”

74. When the fear went away from Abraham and the glad news reached him, he began to intercede with Us for Lot’s people.

75. Truly, Abraham is a forbearer, an invoker of Allah, and frequent repentant [to Allah].

76. [The angels said,] “O Abraham! Forget about this. Your Lord’s Command has come, and an inevitable torture is coming to them, for sure.”

77. And when Our Messengers [i.e., the angels in the form of men] came to Lot [after leaving Abraham], he was very much worried about them [, lest his people should commit sodomy with them]. And he said, “This is a very hard day.”

78. [When his people knew of the coming of such handsome men,] they hurried to him [i.e., Lot], and they used to commit evil deeds [including sodomy] before. He said, “O my people! Your women are purer to you, so fear Allah and do not disgrace me by dishonoring my guests. Is there not of you one single right-minded man?”

79. They said [to Lot], “You know that we have no desire for our women, and you know what we are after [i.e., men].”

80. He [i.e., Lot] said, “I wish that I were powerful enough to destroy you or that I sought support somewhere [so as to resist you].”

81. They [i.e., the angels] said, “O Lot! We are the Messengers from Allah. They [i.e., your people] will not reach you [, so do not fear them]. Travel with your family in the night, and no one of you should look back. As for your wife, she will get the same punishment that they will get. Indeed, the set time is the morning. Is the morning not near?”

82. When Our Command came, We turned it [i.e., Sodom area near the Dead Sea] upside down and We rained on it stones of baked clay already prepared,

83. Marked from your Lord, and directed not far from the wrong-doers.

84. And to Midian [people We sent] their brother, Shuaib. He said, “O my people! Worship Allah; there is no other god but Him, and do not decrease the measure or weight. I see you in prosperity, and I fear for you the torment of a fearful Day [in the Hereafter, if you rebel against Allah].”

85. “And O my people! Give the measure and weight in full and in justice, and do not reduce for people their due rights, and do not cause mischief in the land.”

86. “What Allah has for you is better for you, if you are believers. And I am not a guardian over you.”

87. They said, “O Shuaib! Does your prayer order you that we abandon what our fathers worship [i.e., idols] or that we have no control over our wealth? You are a forbearer and a right-minded man.”

88. He said, “O my people! I am certain of the Message sent to me from my Lord, and He provided me with Prophethood. And I do not want to do what I forbid you to do. I only desire reform to the best of my ability. And my success [in my mission] is dependent on Allah only. In Him I put my trust, and to Him I return.”

89. “And O my people! Your hatred of me must not lead you to the disobedience of Allah, lest you should suffer what was suffered by Noah’s people or Hud’s people or Salih’s people. And Lot’s people are not far from you [neither in place nor in time].”

90. “And ask your Lord to forgive you, and then repent to Him. Verily, my Lord is Most Merciful, Most Loving.”

91. They said, “O Shuaib! We do not understand most of what you say, and we see you weak among us. Had it not been for the sake of your tribe, we should certainly have stoned you. And you have no power against us.”

92. He said, “O my people! Is my tribe dearer to you than Allah, Whom you cast away behind your backs? Verily, my Lord knows all that you do.”

93. “O my people! Do it your way, and I will do it my way. You will know the one to whom a disgraceful torment will come and the one who is a liar. And wait; I am waiting with you [too].”

94. And when Our Command came, We saved Shuaib and those who had believed with him by a Mercy from Us. And the Awful Cry seized the wrong-doers, who became dead at their homes,

95. As though they had not lived there. Away with Midian, as away with Thamud before.

96. And We sent Moses with Our Signs and a clear authority,

97. To Pharaoh and his people, but they followed Pharaoh’s command, which was clearly wrong.

98. He [i.e., Pharaoh] will come ahead of his people on the Day of Resurrection, leading them into the Fire. And evil indeed is the place which they will be led to.

99. They [i.e., Pharaoh’s people] were cursed in this life and will also be cursed on the Day of Resurrection. Evil indeed is the curse followed by another curse.

100. That is some of the news of the towns narrated to you, [O Muhammad]. Some [towns] are still standing, and some have been destroyed.

101. And We have not wronged them, but they did wrong themselves. Their gods, whom they invoked besides Allah, were of no benefit to them when your Lord’s Command came. On the contrary, such gods increased their loss [by making them lose this life and lose the Hereafter].

102. Such is the punishment of your Lord when He punishes the towns for their wrong-doing. Verily, His torment is painful and severe.

103. Indeed, in that there is a certain lesson for him who fears the Hereafter punishment. That is a Day on which [all] people will be gathered together, and that is a Day witnessed [by all creatures].

104. And We do not delay it [i.e., that Day] but to a fixed term.

105. When that Day comes, no person can speak except with His Permission. Some people will be miserable, and some will be blessed.

106. As for the miserable, they will be in the Fire, where they exhale and inhale,

107. Dwelling there forever, as long as the heavens and the earth exist, except as your Lord wills [i.e., later forgiving sinful believers]. Truly, your Lord does what He wills.

108. And as for those who are blessed, they will dwell in Paradise forever, as long as the heavens and the earth exist, except as your Lord wills: an endless Grace [from Allah].

109. So [Muhammad] do not be in doubt concerning what these [polytheists] worship. They only worship what their fathers worshipped before [in imitation]. And We shall repay them their share [of punishment] in full, without being decreased.

110. And We gave Moses the Scripture, and people disputed about it [with some believing in it and some disbelieving]. Had it not been for a Word already decreed by Allah, it would have been judged between them. [Similarly,] they are in doubt of it [i.e., The Quran] too.

111. Verily, your Lord will repay them [i.e., all people] their deeds in full. He is, indeed, Well-Acquainted with what they do.

112. So, you [Muhammad] and those who believed with you, stay firm on the Straight Path, and do not transgress [the limits set by Allah]. Indeed, Allah is the All-Seer of what you do.

113. And do not incline to wrong-doers, lest the Fire should touch you, and then you have no protectors other than Allah, nor will you be helped.

114. And perform prayer at the two ends of the day [i.e., dawn and sunset] and in the night. Good deeds certainly erase evil deeds. That is a reminder for those who accept advice.

115. And be patient, for, truly, Allah does not waste the reward of good-doers.

116. It would have been better if some good-doers among previous generations had forbidden doing evil in the land; there were only a few of whom We saved from them. Those wrong-doers went on in their disobedience, and they were rebellious.

117. And your Lord would never destroy the towns unjustly if their people were good–doers.

118. And had your Lord willed, He would have made [all] people one nation, but they will continue to differ [concerning their beliefs],

119. Except those granted Mercy from your Lord [i.e., believers], and for that He created them [i.e., in order to differ]. And your Lord's Word will be fulfilled, that He will surely fill Hell with jinn and people [, each according to his deeds].

120. And each of the news of the Messengers is related to you[i.e., Muhammad] so as to strengthen your heart by it. And in this [chapter of The Quran] have come to you the truth, advice, and a reminder to believers.

121. And say, [O Muhammad], to those who do not believe, “Behave according to your way, and we behave according to our way.”

122. “And wait [for results], and we are waiting [too].”

123. And to Allah belongs the Unseen of the heavens and the earth, and to Him all matters are returned. So worship Him, and put your trust in Him. And your Lord is not unaware of what you [all] do.

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

1. Alif–Lam–Ra. [These Arabic letters symbolize the Arabic letters of which the Quranic text is composed.] These are the verses of the clear Book [i.e., The Quran].

2. We have sent it down as a Quran in Arabic so that you may understand.

3. We relate to you [i.e., Muhammad] the best stories through this revealed Quran. And before this revelation, you knew nothing [about these stories].

4. [Remember] when Joseph said to his father, “O my father! I saw [in a dream] eleven stars, the sun, and the moon [interpreted as his eleven brothers, his father, and his mother]. I saw them prostrating themselves to me.”  

5. He said, “O my son! Do not relate your dream to your brothers, lest they should plot against you. Satan is indeed a clear enemy to man.”  

6. “Thus your Lord will choose you, will teach you how to interpret dreams, will perfect His Grace on you and Jacob's sons, as He perfected it before on your fathers, Abraham and Isaac. Verily, your Lord is all-Knowing, All-Wise.”  

7. Indeed, there are lessons [to be learned] in the story of Joseph and his brothers.  

8. They [i.e., Joseph’s brothers] said, “Joseph and his brother are dearer to our father than we, while we are a strong group. Our father is certainly quite astray.”  

9. [One of them said,] “Kill Joseph or cast him away somewhere so as to get all the love and care of your father, and then you will repent and be righteous.”  

10. But another brother said, “Do not kill Joseph. If you have to get rid of him, only throw him at the bottom of a well, and he will be picked up by some passers-by.”  

11. They said, “O our father!Why do you not trust us with Joseph although we do love him?”  

12. “Send him with us tomorrow. Let him have fun and play, and we will surely take care of him.”  

13. He said, “It grieves me that you take him away [from me]. I am afraid that a wolf should devour him while you are careless of him.”  

14. They said, “If a wolf eats him while we are a strong group, then we are real losers.”  

15. When they took him away and all agreed to cast him down at the bottom of a well, We revealed to him [i.e., Joseph] that he [one day] would inform them of what they did [to him] without them knowing.  

16. And they came to their father one night weeping.  

17. They said, “O our father!We went racing, and we left Joseph by our belongings, and a wolf devoured him. You will not believe us even if we tell the truth.” 

18. And they brought Joseph’s shirt [to their father] stained with false blood. He said, “No, but you have made a plot. The only way for me is patience. And Allah is the only One Whose Help I can seek against your plot.”   

19. And some travelers came and sent one of them to bring them some water. He let down his bucket [in to the well] and said [finding Joseph holding to the bucket], “What good news; this is a boy.” So they [i.e., the travelers] hid him as a slave [to sell later]. And Allah was the All-knower of what they did.   

20. And they sold him [i.e., Joseph] at a low price, only a few silver coins, for they were not interested in him.  

21. And the man [named Qatfeer] from Egypt who bought him said to his wife, “Take care of him [i.e., Joseph]; he may benefit us [one day] or we may adopt him.” Thus We gave Joseph authority in the land and taught him how to interpret dreams. And Allah has a complete control over affairs, but most people do not know. 

22. And when he [i.e., Joseph] reached the age of manhood, We gave him wisdom and knowledge [i.e., Prophethood]. Thus We reward good-doers.  

23. And she [i.e., Qatfeer’s wife], in whose house he [i.e., Joseph] was, tried to seduce him, and she closed the doors and said, “I have prepared myself for you, so come on.” He said, “I seek refuge in Allah [from you]. He [i.e., your husband] is my master, who has been very generous to me, [so I can never betray him]. Truly, wrong-doers will never succeed.”    

24. And she desired him, and he would have desired her if he had not seen his Lord’s warning. Thus We turned evil and fornication away from him, for he is one of our chosen worshippers.  

25. And they both [i.e., Joseph and the woman] raced to the door, and she tore his shirt from the back. [To their surprise,] they both found her husband at the door. She said [to her husband], “The punishment of one who intends evil against your wife is nothing but to be imprisoned or a painful torture.”    

26. He [i.e., Joseph] said, “It was she who wanted to seduce me.” And a witness of her relatives said, “If his shirt is torn from the front, then she is truthful and he is a liar.”  

27. “But if his shirt is torn from the back, then she is a liar and he is truthful.”  

28. When he [i.e., the husband] saw his shirt torn from the back, he said [to his wife], “This is certainly a plot of women’s; women’s plotting is terrible, indeed.”  

29. “O Joseph! Do not tell anyone about this. And you, woman, ask Allah to forgive you for your sin, for you were among the sinful, indeed.”  

30. And some women in the city said, “The wife of Al-Azeez wants to seduce the young man; she has fallen in love with him. We, truly, see her utterly wrong.”  

31. When she heard their accusation, she invited them and prepared a banquet for them. She gave each of them a knife, and she told him [i.e., Joseph] to come out before them. When they saw him, they were impressed [by his handsomeness], cut their own hands [in astonishment], and said, “O Allah! This cannot be a human; he must be a noble angel.” 

32. She said, “This is he about whom you blamed me, and I tried to seduce him, but he refused. And if he does not do what I order him to do, he will be imprisoned and will certainly be humiliated.”  

33. He [i.e., Joseph] said, “O my Lord! Prison is dearer to me than what they invite me to. If you do not turn their plot away from me, I shall incline to them and become of the ignorant.”  

34. So his Lord answered his invocation and turned the women's plot away from him. Verily, He is the Hearer, the All-Knower.  

35. Then they decided to imprison him for a while after they saw the proofs [of his innocence].  

36. And two young men entered prison with him [i.e., Joseph]. One of them said, “I saw myself [in a dream] pressing wine.” And the other said, “I saw myself [in a dream] carrying bread on my head with birds eating of it.” They both said, “Tell us the interpretation of these dreams, for we think that you are of good-doers.”  

37. He said, “No food will come to you as a provision [from Allah] but I will inform you of its interpretation before it comes. This is of what my Lord has taught me. I have left the religion of a people who do not believe in Allah and who disbelieve in the Hereafter.”  

38. “And I have followed the religion of my fathers: Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. We have never taken any partners with Allah. This is from the Grace of Allah to us and to mankind, but most people do not thank [Allah for His Grace].”  

39. “O my two prison mates!Which is better: different lords [i.e., gods] or Allah, the One, the Conqueror?”   

40. “What you worship besides Allah is only [false] names named by you and your fathers, for which Allah has sent no authority. The judgment is Allah's only: He commands to worship none but Him. That is the straight religion, but most people do not know.”  

41. “O my two prison mates!One of you will pour out wine for his master [i.e., the king]. As for the other, he will be crucified, and birds will eat of his head. This is the answer to your question.” 

42. And he [i.e., Joseph] said to the one whom he knew to be saved, “Mention me to your lord [i.e., the king, so as to get me out of jail].” Satan made him [i.e., Joseph] forget to ask his Lord [i.e., Allah] [for help instead of asking people]. So he stayed in jail for several years.   

43. And the king said, “I saw [in a dream] seven fat cows devoured by seven lean cows, and [I saw] seven green corn-ears and seven dry ones. O notables! Explain to me my dream if you can.”  

44. They said, “These are only mixed dreams, and we have no knowledge of the interpretation of dreams.”  

45. Then the man who was released [, one of the two who were in jail with Joseph,] remembered [Joseph] at last and said, “I will tell you its interpretation; just send me [to Joseph].”  

46. [The man went to Joseph in jail and said to him,] “O Joseph, the truthful man! Explain to us [the dream of] seven fat cows devoured by seven lean ones, seven green corn-ears, and seven dry ones so that I may return to people that they may know [the interpretation of the dream].” 

47. Joseph [still in jail] said, “You will sow for seven successive years. Whatever you reap you will leave it in its ears, [all] except a little for eating.”  

48. “Then, after that, seven hard years will come and will devour what you prepared for them, [all] except a little of what you have stored.”  

49. “Then a year will come, in which   abundant   rain  will  fall and people will press [a lot of wine and oil].”  

50. And the king said, “Bring him [i.e., Joseph] to me.” When the messenger came to Joseph, he [i.e., Joseph] said, “Return to your lord [i.e., the king] and ask him, ‘What about the women who cut their own hands?’ Truly, my Lord is the All-Knower of their plot.”  

51. The king said [to the women], “Why did you seek to seduce Joseph?” They said, “Allah forbid. We have not known any evil against him.” The wife of Al-Azeez said, “Now the truth is clear. I am the one who sought to seduce him, and he is among the truthful, indeed.”  

52. “I say this so that he [i.e., my husband] may know that I did not betray him in his absence and that Allah does not guide the betrayers’ plot.” 

53. “And I do not declare myself innocent. Indeed, a human may [sometimes] incline to evil, except him to whom Allah grants His Mercy. Verily, my Lord is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.”  

54. And the king said, “Bring him [i.e., Joseph] to me [from jail] so as to make him very close to me.” When he [i.e., the king] spoke to him [i.e., Joseph], he said, “Now, in our eyes, you are of a high rank and completely trusted.”   

55. Joseph said, “Let me be in charge of treasury. I am indeed trustworthy and of knowledge.”  

56. Thus We gave Joseph power and authority in the land [i.e., Egypt], where he could reside anywhere. We grant Our Mercy to whomever We choose, and We do not waste the reward of good-doers.   

57. And the reward of the Hereafter is better for those who believe and who are pious.  

58. And Joseph’s brothers came to him. He recognized them, but they did not recognize him.   

59. When he provided them with what they came for, he said, “[Next time] bring me your brother [i.e., Benjamin] from your father. Do you not see that I give measure in full and that I am the best of hosts?”

60. “If you do not bring him, I shall not sell you [corn], nor shall you come close to me.”  

61. They said, “We shall try to persuade our father to let him come, and we promise to do so.”  

62. He said to his servants, “Put back their money into their bags so that they may recognize it when they return to their people so that they may come back again.”  

63. When they returned to their father, they said, “We shall have no more corn unless you send our brother [i.e., Benjamin] with us, and we will surely guard him.”  

64. He said, “Shall I entrust him to you as I entrusted his brother [i.e., Joseph] to you before? Allah is the Best to guard, and He is the Most Merciful.”  

65. And when they opened their bags, they found their money returned to them. They said, “O our father! What more can we ask for? This is our money returned to us. We shall get more food for our family, guard our brother, and get a camel-load [of corn] more. This is easy [for the king] to give.”  

66. He said, “I will not send him [i.e., Benjamin] with you until you swear an oath in Allah’s name that you will bring him back to me unless you [all] are surrounded [by an enemy].” When they swore, he said, “Allah is the Witness to what we say.” 

67. And he said, “O my sons!Do not enter through one gate; enter through different gates [lest you should be envied]. I avail you nothing against Allah; judgment is only Allah’s. In Him I put my trust, and in Him those who trust should put their trust.”  

68. When they [Joseph’s brothers] entered as their father advised them, nothing could avail them against Allah. It was only a need in Jacob’s heart which he satisfied. Truly, he was a man of knowledge, for We taught him. But most people do not know.  

69. When they entered before Joseph, he took his brother [i.e., Benjamin] aside and said, “I am your brother; do not be saddened by what they used to do.”  

70. When he [i.e., Joseph] provided them with their provisions, he put the [golden] bowl in his brother’s bag. Then a crier said, “O men of the caravan! You are thieves, indeed.” 

71. They [i.e., Joseph’s brothers], turning towards them, said, “What have you lost?”  

72. They [i.e., Joseph’s men] said, “We have lost the king’s bowl. And whoever brings it will have a camel load as a reward, and I guarantee what I say.”  

73. They [i.e., Joseph’s brothers] said, “By Allah, you know that we have not come to make mischief in the land, and we are not thieves.”  

74. They [Joseph’s men] said, “What is the penalty [of the thief], if you are liars?”  

75. They [i.e., Joseph’s brothers] said, “The penalty of him in whose bag the bowl is found is the penalty for the [theft] crime. This is how we punish wrong-doers.”  

76. He [i.e., Joseph] began searching their bags before his brother’s bag. Then he found the bowl in his brother’s bag. Thus was Our plan in Joseph’s interest. He could not take his brother as a slave according to the king's law, except if Allah wills. We raise in rank whomever We will. And Allah is the All-Knower. 

77. They [i.e., Joseph’s brothers] said, “If he [i.e., Benjamin] steals, his brother [i.e., Joseph] did steal before.” Joseph concealed his reaction and said [within himself], “You are in the worst position, and Allah knows best that which you describe.”

78. They [i.e., Joseph’s brothers] said, “O ruler of the land! We have an old father, so take one of us istead of him [i.e., Benjamin]. We see you as one of the good-doers.”  

79. He [i.e., Joseph] said, “Allah forbid! We do not punish except the one whom we found our bowl with. Otherwise, we will be wrong-doers.”  

80. When they became desperate [of saving Benjamin], they took aside in privacy. The eldest one said, “Do you not know that your father took an oath from you and you had failed to fulfill your commitment with regard to Joseph? Thus, I will not leave this land until my father allows me to do so [after forgiving me] or until Allah judges for me [by releasing my brother, Benjamin], and Allah is the Best of judges.”

81. “Return to your father, and say to him, ‘Our father! Your son [Benjamin] has stolen, and we testify according to what we have known, and we cannot know the Unseen,’

82. ‘And ask the town where we were and the caravan in which we returned, and we tell nothing but the truth. ’ ”  

83. He [i.e., Jacob] said, “No, you have made another plot. [The only way for me is] patience. May Allah bring them all [Joseph, Benjamin, and the eldest son] back to me. He is the All-Knower, the All- Wise.”  

84. And he turned away from them, and said, “Alas for Joseph!” And his eyes became white of grief, complaining to none but Allah.   

85. They [i.e., his sons] said, “By Allah! You will keep on remembering Joseph until you become too weak or be among the dead.”   

86. He [i.e., Jacob] said, “I complain my grief to Allah only, and I know from Allah what you do not know.”

87. “O my sons! Go and ask about Joseph and his brother [Benjamin], and do not despair of Allah’s Mercy. It is only disbelievers who despair of Allah’s Mercy.”

88. When they [i.e., Joseph’s brothers] entered before him [i.e., Joseph], they said “O ruler! We and our families have had a hard time, and we have come with not much money, so give us the same full measure [as you used to give before], and be charitable to us. Truly, Allah rewards the charitable.”  

89. He [i.e., Joseph] said, “Do you know what you did to Joseph and his brother when you were ignorant [i.e., not righteous]?”   

90.  They said [in astonishment], “Are you Joseph?” He said, “I am Joseph, and this is my brother. Allah has been of Grace to us. Whoever fears [Allah] and is patient, Allah does not waste the reward of good-doers, indeed.”  

91. They said [to Joseph], “By Allah! Allah has favored you above us, and we were certainly sinful.”    

92. He said, “There is no blame on you today. I ask Allah to forgive you, and He is the Most Merciful of the merciful.”

93. “Go with this shirt of mine, and put it on my father’s face, and he will become clear-sighted, and bring me all your family.”   

94. And when the caravan departed [from Egypt], their father [Jacob] said [to his sons who were not with the caravan], “I feel Joseph’s smell unless you think that I am a dotard.”    

95. They said, “By Allah! You are still in your old error.”   

96. When the bearer of the glad news [i.e., Juda, one of Jacob’s sons] came, he cast it [i.e., Joseph’s shirt] on his father’s face, and he became clear-sighted and said, “Did I not say to you that I know from Allah what you do not know?”    

97. They said, “Our father!Ask Allah to forgive us; we were sinful, indeed.”    

98. He said, “I will ask my Lord to forgive you. Verily, He is the Oft-forgiving, the Most Merciful.”   

99. When they [i.e., Jacob and his sons] entered before Joseph, he took his parents to himself and said, “Enter Egypt in security, if Allah wills.”  

100. And he raised his parents to the throne, and they both fell down before him in prostration. And he said, “O my father! This is the interpretation of my previous dream. My Lord has made it become true. And He was very kind to me: He got me out of jail, and here He brought you all from the Bedouin-life, after Satan had caused enmity between me and my brothers. Verily, my Lord is Kind to whomever He wills. Indeed, He is the All-Knower, the All-Wise.”   

101. “O my Lord! You have given me of authority and taught me of the interpretation of dreams. O the Creator of the heavens and the earth! You are my Protector in this life and the Hereafter. Let me die as a Muslim [i.e., submitting to Allah] and join me with the righteous.”   

102. That is of the news of the Unseen, which We reveal to you [i.e., Muhammad]. And you were not with them [i.e., Joseph’s brothers] when they planned their plot [against Joseph], nor were you with them while they were carrying out their plot.   

103. And most people will not believe even though you desire their belief.  104. And you do not ask a reward from them for it [i.e., guidance]. It [i.e., The Quran] is only a reminder to all people.  

105. And there are many Signs in the heavens and the earth which they [i.e., disbelievers] pass by and yet deny [the existence of Allah].   

106. And most of them [i.e., hypocrites] do not believe in Allah [alone] except that they take partners with Him.   

107. Are they sure that no torture from Allah may afflict them nor that the Hour may come suddenly without them perceiving?   

108. Say, [O Muhammad], “This is my way. I and those who have followed me call to Allah with clear knowledge, and Glory be to Allah, and I am not of polytheists.”    

109. And We did not send before you [as Messengers] but men [i.e., not women], to whom We reveal, from the people of towns [i.e., not deserts]. Have they not traveled in the land and seen what was the end of those [disbelievers] before them? Truly,    the Hereafter   home   [i. e., Paradise] is better for the pious. Do you not understand? 

110. When the Messengers had despaired [of the faith of disbelievers] and thought that they were belied, Our Support came, and We saved whomever We willed. And Our torment cannot miss criminals [i.e., wrong- doers].   

111. In the stories [about the Messengers], there are lessons for those of understanding. And it [i.e., The Quran] is not a forged book, but a confirmation of the Scripture before, a detailed explanation [of what is allowed and what is disallowed], a guidance, and a Mercy [from Allah] to people who believe.  

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

1. Alif-Lam-Meem-Ra. [These Arabic letters symbolize the Arabic letters of which the Quranic text is composed.] These are the Verses of the Book [i.e., The Quran], which has been revealed to you from your Lord, the Truth; yet, most people do not believe.

2. Allah is the One Who raised the heavens without pillars, as you see. Then He rose above the throne. And He has subjected the sun and the moon [to the service of man], each of which runs to an appointed term [i.e., the Day of Resurrection]. He manages all affairs and explains Signs in detail so that you may become certain of meeting your Lord.

3. And it is He Who spread out the earth and created in it firm mountains and rivers, and of all fruits He created two in pairs [i.e., of two varieties]. He causes the night and the day to follow one another. There are in these [examples] Signs for people who contemplate.  

4. And on the earth there are neighboring pieces of land [yet different in color and structure] and gardens of vines, plants, date-palms, with one stem or more, watered with the same water, and yet We make some [fruits] better than some in taste. In [all] these there are certainly Signs for people who understand.  

5.  And if you [i.e., Muhammad] wonder [at their disbelief], it is equally strange that they say, “If we become dust [after death], are we going to be re-created?” Those are the ones who disbelieved in their Lord, and those are the ones around whose necks chains will be placed, and they will dwell in the fire forever. 

6. They [i.e., disbelievers] ask you [i.e., Muhammad] to hasten the punishment [for them in challenge] before the good in spite of previous examples of punishment [of disbelievers]. Verily, your Lord forgives people despite their [repeated] wrong doings, and your Lord is indeed of strict punishment [also].  

7. And the disbelievers say [about Muhammad], “Why is there not a Sign sent down to him from his Lord?” You are only a Warner, and for every people there is a guide [inviting them to Allah].  

8. Allah knows what every female bears and by how much each embryo falls short [of the normal nine months] or goes beyond. And everything with Him is according to [due] proportion.   

9. He is the All-Knower of the Seen and the Unseen, the Most Great, the Most High.  

10. It is the same for Allah whether anyone of you conceals his speech or reveals it, whether hidden by night or not so by day [, for He knows all.] 

11. For every person, there are [two] angels: one before him and one after, who guard him with Allah’s Command. Verily, Allah does not change a people’s [good] condition unless they change the goodness of their hearts. And if Allah wills to punish a people, nothing can turn the punishment away, nor will they have a protector besides Him.  

12. It is He Who shows you the lightning in fear [of its flash] and in hope [for rain], and [it is He] Who builds up clouds heavy [with water].  

13. And thunder glorifies and praises Him, and so do angels in fear of Him. And He sends thunderbolts, with which He strikes whomever He wills; yet, they [i.e., disbelievers] doubt [the Greatness of] Allah, while He is Severe in punishment.   

14. For Him [alone] is the Word of the Truth [i.e., there is no god but Allah]. And those whom they [i.e., disbelievers] invoke besides Him do not answer them except as much as one who stretches out his hand to get some water to drink but he gets nothing. And the invocation of disbelievers is of no use.   

15. And whoever is in the heavens and the earth prostrates himself to Him [alone], willingly [as believers do] and unwillingly [as disbelievers do]. And so do their shadows in the mornings and in the afternoons.  

16. Say, [O Muhammad], “Who is the Lord of the heavens and the earth?” Say, “[It is] Allah.” Say, “Have you taken besides Him protectors who can neither benefit nor harm themselves?” Say, “Does the blind person [i.e., the polytheist] equal the one who sees [i.e., the believer]? Or does darkness equal light? Or have they taken with Allah partners who created the like of His creation, so they have got confused?” Say, “Allah is the Creator of everything, and He is the One, the Conqueror.”  

17. He sends water from the sky, and thus valleys flow, each according to its width. The flood carries away floating foam, and so do metals heated in the fire to make ornaments or utensils. Thus Allah sets out parables to show truth and falsehood. As for foam, it passes away as scum, whereas what benefits people remains in the earth. Thus Allah sets out parables.  

18. Those who obeyed their Lord will have the best reward [i.e., Paradise]. But those who disobeyed Him, if they [in the Hereafter] had all that is in the earth and, in addition, the like of it, would offer it to save themselves [from the torment of the Hereafter]. Those will have a terrible punishment, and their abode will be Hell; and what a bad abode it is!  

19. Is the one who knows that what has been revealed to you [Muhammad] is the truth from your Lord like the one who is blind [i.e., does not believe in Allah’s Message]? It is only men of understanding who pay attention.   

20. As for those who fulfill their commitment to Allah and do not break their promises,  

21. And those who join what Allah commands to be joined [i.e., relatives], they fear their Lord, and fear His punishment,  

22. And for those who remain patient seeking to please Allah, perform prayer, spend of what Allah has provided them with secretly and openly, and react with good to evil [against them], there will be a good end,  

23. Eternal Gardens [i.e., Paradise], which they enter with those who were good of their fathers, wives, and offspring. And angels will enter to them from all gates [saying],  

24. “Peace be upon you. [You do deserve Paradise] for your patience [in the worldly life]. What a great abode you have!” 

25. But as for those who break their covenant with Allah after their strong commitment, disjoin what Allah has commanded to be joined [i.e., kindness to relatives], and seek to cause corruption in the land, on them is the curse [i.e., the anger of Allah], and they will have a very bad abode [i.e., Hell].  

26. Allah extends or straitens provision to whomever He wills [according to His Wisdom]. And they rejoice [at what they have] in this worldly life, whereas this life, if compared with the Hereafter, is nothing but a brief passing enjoyment.  

27. And those who disbelieved say, “Why is a Sign not sent to him [i.e., Muhammad] from his Lord?” Say, “Truly, Allah makes astray whoever wills [to be astray] and guides to Himself whoever repents.”  

28. As for those who believe and whose hearts find rest by remembering Allah, verily hearts find rest upon remembering Allah,  

29. Those who believe and do good deeds, they will enjoy happiness [in the Hereafter] and have a good return [in Paradise].  

30. Thus We sent you [i.e., Muhammad] to a nation preceded by other nations [and their Messengers] to recite to them what We have revealed to you, while they deny the Most Gracious [i.e., Allah]. Say, “He is my Lord. There is no god but Him. In Him I put my trust, and to Him I return. ”  

31. If there had been a Quran with which mountains could be moved [to other places] or the earth could be cleft apart or the dead could be spoken to, [it would have been this Quran]. All matters and decisions are up to Allah. Have those who believe not yet known that if Allah had willed, he would have guided all people? As for those who disbelieve, disasters will continue to strike them or occur close to them until Allah’s Promise comes [on the Day of Resurrection]. And, verily, Allah never breaks His Promise.    

32. [Many] Messengers before you [i.e., Muhammad] had been mocked at, and I granted those who disbelieved a respite, and then I punished them. And how terrible My punishment was!  

33. Is the One Who observes what every person earns [like their false gods who know nothing]? And they [i.e., polytheists] worship partners with Allah. Say, [O Muhammad], “Name them, or do you inform Him of what does not exist, or is it only false words?” False beliefs are made fairseeming to those who disbelieve, who hinder [other people] from the Right Path. And whoever is sent astray by Allah has no guide.    

34. Such [disbelievers and polytheists] are punished in the worldly life, and their punishment in the Hereafter is certainly harder, and they have no protector against Allah.    

35. Paradise, which the pious have been promised, has rivers flowing under, and its provision is eternal, and so is its shade. That is the [good] end of the pious, whereas the end of disbelievers is the Fire.  

36. And those to whom We have given the Scripture [and who follow it sincerely] rejoice at what has been revealed to you [i.e., Muhammad], but some of them [i.e., Jews and Christians] deny some of it. Say, “I am commanded to worship Allah [alone] and not to associate partners with Him. To Him I call [people], and to Him is the return.”  

37. And thus We sent it [i.e., The Quran] down in Arabic to be a source of legislation. If you [i.e., Muhammad] follow their [vain] desires after the knowledge [i.e., revelation] that has come to you, then you will have no helper or protector against Allah. 

38. And We sent Messengers before you, and We made for them wives and offspring. And it is not for a Messenger to bring a miracle except with Allah’s Permission. And for every matter there is a Decree [from Allah].  

39. Allah erases what He wills and confirms what He wills, and He has the Main Record.  

40. And We either show you, [O Muhammad], some of what We promise them [i.e., punishment of disbelievers, in your life] or cause you to die [before their punishment]. Your duty is to convey [the Message], and on Us is the reckoning.   

41. Have they not seen that We reduce the land [of disbelievers by giving it to believers through war victories]? Allah is the One Who judges, and no one can change His Judgment, and He is Swift at reckoning. 

42. Those before them had [similar] plots [against Messengers], but [successful] plans belong to Allah. He knows what each one earns; and disbelievers will know who gets the good end [: they or believers].

43. And those who disbelieve say [to Muhammad], “You are not a Messenger [from Allah].” Say, “Allah is enough as a Witness between me and you, and so are those who have the knowledge of the Scripture [, which foretells the coming of Messenger Muhammad].

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

1. Alif-Lam-Ra. [These Arabic letters symbolize the Arabic letters of which the Quranic text is composed.] This is a Book [i.e., The Quran] which We have revealed to you, [O Muhammad], so that you will get people out of darkness into light with Allah’s Permission, to the Path of the all-Exalted, the Praise-Worthy,  

2. Allah, Who owns all that is in the heavens and the earth. And woe to disbelievers from a severe punishment,  

3. Who prefer this worldly life to the Hereafter, and hinder [people] from the way of Allah [i.e., Islam], and desire it to be crooked. Those are far astray.  

4. And We have not sent a Messenger but with his people’s language so that he may clarify [matters] to them. And then Allah sends astray whoever wills [to be astray] and guides whoever wills [to be guided]. And He is the All-Exalted, the All-Wise. 

5. And We sent Moses with Our Signs [saying to him], “Get out your people from darkness into light, and remind them of Allah’s days [when Allah supported you against your enemy]. Verily, in that there are Signs to everyone who is patient and grateful [to Allah].”   

6. And [remember] when Moses said to his people, “Call to mind Allah’s Favour to you when He saved you from Pharaoh’s people, who were afflicting you with terrible torture, and who used to kill your sons and leave your women alive. That was a serious test from your Lord. ”   

7. And [remember] when your Lord said, “If you thank [Me], I will give you more [of My Favors]. But if you disbelieve, then My punishment is really severe.”   

8. And Moses said, “If you and all those on the earth disbelieve, verily Allah is Rich [i.e., does not need anyone] and Praise-Worthy.  

9. Has the news not come to you, of those before you, the people of Noah,  ’Ad, and Thamud, and those after them, whose number is known only by Allah? Their Messengers came to them with Clear Signs, but they belied them and said, “We disbelieve in what you have been sent with, and we strongly doubt what you invite us to.”   

10. Their Messengers said, “Do you have a doubt about Allah, the Creator of the heavens and the earth? He calls you [to faith] so as to forgive of your sins and to give you a respite until an appointed term.” They said, “You are only humans like us. You [only] want to turn us away from what our fathers worshipped. [If you are true,] bring us some clear evidence.”   

11. Their Messengers said, “We are humans like you, but Allah grants His Grace to whomever He wills. It is not for us to bring you any evidence except with Allah’s Permission. And in Allah believers must trust.”   

12. “Why should we not place our trust in Allah when He is the One Who has guided us to the [Right] Way. We will certainly bear all the harm which you caused to us, and in Allah those who trust should put their trust.”  

13. And those who disbelieved said to their Messengers, “We will drive you out of our land or you shall return to our religion.” Then their Lord revealed to them, “We will destroy wrong-doers.”

14. “And We will make you [i.e., believers] dwell in the land after them [i.e., disbelievers]. This [promise] is for him who fears standing before Me and fears My Threat.”   

15. And they [i.e., the Messengers] asked Allah to help them [against disbelievers]; and every arrogant and obstinate [disbeliever] was brought to defeat.   

16. In front of him [i.e., the arrogant, obstinate disbeliever] is Hell, where he is made to drink boiling, festering water.  

17. He will sip it [i.e., boiling water] unwillingly and can hardly swallow it, and death [i.e., pain] will come to him from everywhere, yet he will not die [in the Hereafter], and in front of him there will be still a great punishment [to come].  

18. The disbelievers’ deeds are like ashes scattered everywhere on a stormy day. They can get no reward for what they have earned. That is the straying far away [from the Right Path]. 

19. Have you not seen that Allah has created the heavens and the earth with truth? If He wills, He can remove you away [if you disbelieve in Him] and bring a new creation [i.e., generation].  

20. And this is not difficult for Allah.  

21. And all [people] will appear before Allah [on the Day of Resurrection]. Then the weak [i.e., the followers] will say to the arrogant [who denied Allah], “Indeed we followed you [in the worldly life]; can you [now] defend us against Allah’s torment?” And they [the leaders] will say, “Had Allah guided us, we would have guided you. It makes no difference [now] whether we grieve or are patient; there is no escape for us [from the Fire].”  

22. And Satan will say when the matter has been decided [i.e., people are led into Paradise or Hell], “Allah promised you a true promise, but I promised you and broke my promise. I had no authority on you [i.e., disbelievers and sinners]; I only called you, and you followed me. You should not blame me; you have to blame yourselves. I cannot save you, nor can you save me. I deny your associating me as a partner [with Allah].” Verily, there is a severe torture for wrong-doers. 

23. And those who believed and did good deeds will enter Gardens under which rivers flow, dwelling there forever with their Lord's Permission, and their greeting there will be peace.  

24. Do you not see how Allah sets examples? A good word [i.e., a word that declares one’s faith] is like a good tree, whose root is firmly fixed [in the soil] and its branches are up in the sky.  

25. It gives its fruits any time with Allah’s Permission. And Allah sets examples for people so that they may remember.  

26. And an evil word [i.e., a word that declares one's disbelief] is like an evil tree uprooted from the earth surface, with no stability.  

27. Allah will keep firm those who believe in the worldly life [by repeating that there is no god but Allah] and in the Hereafter [when they are asked in the grave about their belief]. And Allah will cause wrong-doers to go astray, and He does whatever He wills.  

28. Have you not seen those who have changed the Bounty of Allah [i.e., Islam] into disbelief [by rejecting faith] and [thus] they have led their people into the home of destruction?  

29. [It is] Hell, where they will be tortured. And what a bad abode it is!  

30. And they took partners with Allah to send [people] astray away from Allah’s Way. Say, “Enjoy [this brief life], and verily your end will be in the Fire.”  

31. Say, [O Muhammad] to My servants who have believed, that they must perform prayer and spend in charity of what We have provided them with, secretly and openly, before the coming of a Day [i.e., the Day of Resurrection], when neither a ransom nor intercession of friends will be  accepted.  

32. Allah is He Who has created the heavens and the earth and sends down water from the sky, and by it He brought out of fruits a provision for you. And He has made ships be under your service, sailing through the sea by His Command, and He has [also] made rivers be under your service.  

33. And He has made the sun and the moon, rotating constantly in their courses, be under your service. And so He has made the night and the day.  

34. And He has given you of all that you have asked for. And if you [try to] count the Bounties of Allah, you can never count them. Verily, man is unfair, ungrateful.  

35. And [remember] when Abraham said, “My Lord! Make this city [i.e., Makkah] secure and peaceful. And let me and my sons avoid worshipping idols.”   

36. “O my Lord! They [i.e., idols] have led many people astray. He who follows me is indeed of me. And whoever disobeys me, you are certainly Oft-Forgiving, Most-Merciful.”  

37. “O our Lord! I have made some of my offspring live in a plantless valley near Your Holy House, O our Lord, that they may perform prayer. So let some people's hearts love them, and provide them with some fruits so that they may thank [You].”   

38. “O our Lord! Verily, You know what we conceal and what we reveal. And nothing, neither in the earth nor in the heavens, can be hidden from Allah.”   

39. “Praise is due to Allah, Who granted me Ishmael and Isaac in my old age. Indeed, my Lord does answer invocation.”  

40. “O my Lord! Make me one who performs prayer [regularly], and thus [also] make some of my offspring. Our Lord, accept my invocation.”

41. “O our Lord! Forgive me, my parents, and [all] believers on the Day of Judgment.”   

42. And do not think, [O Muhammad], that Allah is unaware of what wrong-doers do. He only delays them to a Day when the eyes gaze in terror [i.e., The Day of Resurrection].  

43. [Wrong-doers will be then] hastening [of anxiety], with their heads raised up, with their looks not returning to them, and with empty hearts [because of extreme fear].  

44. And warn people, [O Muhammad], of the Day when torture will come to them [i.e., the Day of Judgment]. Then wrong-doers will say, “O our Lord! Delay us for a while, and we shall answer Your Call and follow the Messengers.” [It will be said to them,] “Did you not swear before that there would be no Hereafter?”    

45. “And you lived where wrong-doers had lived, and you clearly knew how We had punished them, and We set parables for you.”   

46. They [i.e., wrong-doers] planned their plots, and Allah knows their plots, which had no effect at all. 

47. So do not think that Allah will not keep His Promise to His Messengers.  Verily,   Allah  is  All- Exalted, All-able of Revenge.  

48. On the Day when the earth will be another earth and the heavens other heavens [i.e., the Day of Resurrection] and all humans will appear before Allah, the One, the Conqueror,  

49. On that Day you will see criminals [such as disbelievers and hypocrites] chained together in fetters.

50. Their garments will be of pitch, and their faces  will be covered with the Fire,  

51. For Allah will recompense every person for what he has earned. Verily, Allah is Swift at reckoning.  

52. This [Quran] is a Message for people so that they may be warned by it, and so that they may know that He is only One God, and so that men of understanding may remember.